A Review of Dietary Intake Studies in Maintenance Dialysis Patients

Strategies to promote adherence to nutritional advice in patients with chronic kidney disease: a narrative review and commentary

“…The majority of patients were unable to meet recommended daily dietary protein and/or energy intake levels. 25 A randomized prospective observational cohort of 264 adult American women undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis in 1998-1999 used the same food frequency questionnaire as the Women's Health Initiative Study conducted in postmenopausal healthy women. Low-fat food behaviors, although not a parameter of the renal diet prescription, were reported by 30%-50% women undergoing maintenance dialysis.…”

Diet for the Management of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease; It Is Not the Quantity, but the Quality That Matters

“…It should come as no surprise that the quality of the diet of CKD patients is suboptimal. [1][2][3][4] This may be explained by a myriad of factors, including financial and social barriers often linked to CKD, an emphasis on restriction of sodium, potassium, and phosphorous at the expense of compromising overall diet quality, [5][6][7] and simply global dietary changes toward western diets, with convenience, fast, and ultra-processed foods. In the recent years, through observational studies, we are learning that dietary quality may also influence the fate of patients with CKD.…”

Haemodialysis patients with diabetes eat less than those without: A plea for a permissive diet

“…European Best Practices Guidelines on nutrition recommend that maintenance HD patients consume at least 1.1 g/kg per day dietary protein intake (DPI) and have a dietary energy intake (DEI) of 30–40 kcal/kg per day, but restrictive regimens – with low phosphate, potassium or sodium intakes – are also recommended . Dietary intake studies in ESRD populations have recently been reviewed . Most studies report insufficient DPI and DEI in patients with chronic renal failure, and even lower intakes in HD patients.…”

“…For example, mean age of haemodialysis populations is increasing in most countries . Finally, in most studies, no analyses of factors leading to a poor nutritional intake have been performed, and no correlations made between low intakes and nutritional status …”