A review of different barriers and additives to reduce boron movement in boron dual treated wood

Ghani, Ros Syazmini Mohd

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106523

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Boron has long been used as a wood preservative, and the engineering of boron utilization has become an interesting topic (Ghani 2021;Nguyen et al 2020). Boron can be easily applied to low-density hardwood and softwood (Cahyono et al 2022b;Kartal et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hydrophilicity of Samama Wood Surface Quality after Boron, Methyl Methacrylate Impregnation, and Heat Treatment

Cahyono,

Priadi,

Novriyanti

et al. 2024

J. Sylva Lestari

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Indicators of surface roughness and surface-free energy can represent the improvement in wood surface quality. In this study, those two indicators were used to determine the change in the samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) wood surface following two modification steps, namely impregnation and heat treatment. The first step was boron impregnation in two forms applied separately, i.e., boric acid and borax. The second step was impregnation of methyl methacrylate followed by heat treatment at 90°C and 180°C. Surface roughness was determined following the ISO 4287:1997 standard, and surface free energy was analyzed using the Rabel Method. The results showed that the radial surface of samama wood naturally had a lower roughness than the tangential surface. Impregnation with boric acid, borax, and methyl methacrylate increased the wood surface roughness. However, heat treatment at 180°C tended to smooth the rough surface. Total surface free energy was altered after borax and methyl methacrylate impregnation. However, heat treatment seemingly withdrew the alteration. The polar components and dispersion contributed to total surface free energy with different compositions. In this study, the change in surface roughness was not congruent with the change in total surface free energy. Keywords: boron, heat treatment, impregnation, samama, surface free energy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hydrophilicity of Samama Wood Surface Quality after Boron, Methyl Methacrylate Impregnation, and Heat Treatment

Cahyono,

Priadi,

Novriyanti

et al. 2024

J. Sylva Lestari

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“…In addition, boron compounds were also applied in preparing fire-retardant plywood [9,10]. Though these nitrogen, phosphorus, and boron-based compounds had the disadvantages of hygroscopicity and poor water resistance, which could leach out [11][12][13] and damage the bonding strength of the plywood [14,15], the excellent fireproof properties of these fire retardants still make them the most commonly used flame retardants for plywood by impregnating modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Resistance and Bonding Performance of Plywood Fabricated by Guanidine Phosphate-Impregnated Veneers

Yan

Wang

Shen

et al. 2023

Forests

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In this study, fire-retardant plywood was fabricated using a simple guanidine phosphate (GP) impregnation treatment of the veneers, and the influence of the treatment on the flame resistance and bonding strength of the plywood was fully investigated. The results showed that GP modification could effectively endow the plywood with excellent fire resistance and smoke-suppression effect. When 10% GP solution was applied, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the impregnated wood was up to 37%, which was almost twice of unmodified plywood. The heat-release rate (HRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were also greatly decreased from the pristine 94.14 MJ/m2 and 0.77 m2 to that of modified 43.94 MJ/m2 and 0.08 m2, respectively. The excellent fireproof performance was mainly due to the thermal decomposition of GP to phosphoric acid and guanidine during combustion, which could promote the catalytic carbonization of wood and release of incombustible CO2 and NH3 to dilute and decrease the combustible gases, thus collectively preventing the wood form burning. However, the guanidine phosphate modification could seriously damage the bond performance of plywood, especially the UF resin adhesive-bonded plywood. When 10% guanidine phosphate was applied, the dry and wet bonding strength of the UF resin adhesive-bonded plywood were decreased to only 0.7 MPa and 0.12 MPa, respectively, which may be due to the blocking effect of GP in wood pores and the hygroscopic and soluble properties of GP itself in water, thus decreasing the effective bonding between wood veneers. What’s worse, the poor water resistance of the UF resin adhesive was also adverse to the bonding strength of plywood. Surprisingly, the PF resin adhesive was proved to be suitable for gluing the GP-modified wood without obviously decreasing the bonding strength, which could be used to prepare plywood with both high bonding strength and flame resistance.

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“…Wood coatings are widely used because they are relatively inexpensive and effective in protecting as well as adding aesthetic DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202300354 appeal to woody materials. [1][2][3] In recent years, the increasing demand for sustainable products has led to a worldwide increase in the number of medium-and high-rise wooden buildings [4] ; thus the importance of wood coatings should increase. However, in general, long-term deterioration of coating barrier properties is not fully understood, and its elucidation continues to be of substantial scientific and industrial interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid‐Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning for Nondestructive Detection of Inapparent Deterioration in Acrylic Waterborne Coatings for Wood

Teramoto,

Ito,

Yamamoto

et al. 2023

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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This study presents an approach for nondestructive detection of inapparent deterioration in waterborne acrylic coatings (containing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs)) for wood by using mid‐infrared spectroscopy and machine learning. The method evaluates films that mimic coatings before and after 500 h of accelerated weathering, equivalent to roughly 1 year of outdoor exposure. No noticeable transformation in film appearance is evident with a spectrophotometer following the accelerated weathering. Chemiluminescence analysis indicates oxidative degradation predominantly in the acrylic resin, an impact that the CNFs seem to mitigate. Whereas attenuated total reflectance (ATR)‐Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy commonly identifies chemical changes in visibly degraded coatings, it does not clearly discern prior, inapparent deterioration. In this context, machine learning algorithms (such as k‐nearest neighbors, decision tree, random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM)) categorize these nuanced changes by using the absorbance from 400 to 4000 cm−1 as explanatory variables. The SVM model exhibits the highest predictive accuracy, and the RF recognizes crucial variables in some wavenumber zones. This approach has the potential for enhancing recoating schedules, cutting costs, and encouraging sustainable use of wood.

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A review of different barriers and additives to reduce boron movement in boron dual treated wood

Cited by 8 publications

References 119 publications

The Hydrophilicity of Samama Wood Surface Quality after Boron, Methyl Methacrylate Impregnation, and Heat Treatment

The Hydrophilicity of Samama Wood Surface Quality after Boron, Methyl Methacrylate Impregnation, and Heat Treatment

Flame Resistance and Bonding Performance of Plywood Fabricated by Guanidine Phosphate-Impregnated Veneers

Mid‐Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning for Nondestructive Detection of Inapparent Deterioration in Acrylic Waterborne Coatings for Wood

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