A review of effort-based decision-making in eating and weight disorders

Brassard, Sarah L.; Balodis, Iris M.

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110333

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 161 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, many everyday activities such as exercising (Harris & Bray, 2021) and helping others (Lockwood et al, 2017) involve physical effort. Furthermore, an imbalanced effort sensitivity has been found to be closely related to a variety of disorders including schizophrenia (Gold et al, 2015), binge eating (Brassard & Balodis, 2021), Parkinson's disease (Chong, 2018), aging (Byrne & Anaraky, 2020), and depression (Berwian et al, 2020;Treadway et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex represents subjective value across effort-based and risky decision-making

Yao¹,

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decisions that require taking prospective effort costs into account are ubiquitous in real life. The common currency theory hypothesizes that a neural network integrates different costs and rewards into a common scale to facilitate value comparison. Although there has been a surge of interest in the computational and neural basis of effort-reward integration, it is still under debate if the common currency theory could be applied to value integration in this context. Here, we comprehensively compared effort-based and risky decision-making using computational modeling, univariate and multivariate fMRI analyses, and data from two independent studies. We found that prospective outcomes were distinctively discounted by effort and risk. Moreover, although univariate fMRI analyses showed diverse results between tasks, multivariate decoding analyses indicated that the neural patterns of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) represented subjective value information across effort-based and risky decision-making. These findings suggest that the dmPFC plays a critical role in computing subjective value in a task-independent manner and thus extend the scope of the common currency theory.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex represents subjective value across effort-based and risky decision-making

Yao¹,

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous work has found PU is also cross-sectionally associated with problematic exercise ( Kotbagi et al, 2017 ). Because PU is associated with impaired decision making ( Kräplin et al, 2014 ) and individuals with binge eating prefer sooner, smaller rewards rather than delayed, larger rewards ( Brassard and Balodis, 2021 ), an individual with BN and high PU may be prompted to binge eat for the short-term positively reinforcing qualities of food intake, but then become worried about the long-term effect of binge eating on their weight. They may then feel prompted, possibly by PU, to engage in behaviors that bring about positive emotions, reduce negative affect about weight gain, and promote weight loss (e.g., exercise; Kotbagi et al, 2017 ), thus maintaining the binge-compensatory behavior cycle; such a possibility merits investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the role of urgency in predicting binge size in bulimia nervosa

Davis

Smith

2023

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Greater binge size within bulimia nervosa is associated with elevated distress and impairment. Theoretical models posit that emotion dysregulation predicts binge eating, but little research has investigated the potential for dispositional traits that reflect difficulty in emotion regulation to predict binge size among women with bulimia nervosa. Research supports that negative urgency, the tendency to act rashly when feeling distressed, is associated with binge eating behavior among individuals with bulimia nervosa. Relatively fewer studies have explored associations between binge eating and positive urgency, the tendency to act rashly when feeling extreme positive affect. The urgency traits may predict greater binge size within bulimia nervosa. The current study sought to examine negative urgency and positive urgency as predictors of test meal intake in a sample of 50 women, n = 21 with bulimia nervosa and n = 29 healthy controls. Dispositional levels of positive urgency, negative urgency, positive affect, and negative affect were measured prior to a laboratory binge eating paradigm. Participants in the bulimia nervosa group scored higher on negative urgency, positive urgency, and negative affect than participants in the control group. Across participants, lower levels of negative affect were associated with greater test meal intake. Elevated levels of positive urgency predicted significantly greater test meal intake, but only for participants with bulimia nervosa. No other dispositional traits predicted test meal intake when the interaction of positive urgency and group was included in the model. Findings suggest positive urgency is an underappreciated, but potentially important, risk factor for greater binge size in bulimia nervosa.

show abstract

“…For the subtype of AN: AN-R and AN-BE, since the result showed the loss aversion in the restrictive subtype was greater than that in the binge-purge subtype in both subsamples [17,19], this may explain the different strategies AN-R and AN-BE utilized for food consumption. Since they both have higher anxiety towards potential weight gain for food, both AN-R and AN-BE value food negatively.…”

Section: Risk-taking Biasmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive Process Difference among Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder

Zhu¹

2023

EHSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eating disorder has created severe health problems for people different in gender, age and culture. The cognitive process varies depending on different types of the eating disorder. The current study of the cognitive process, including impulsivity (including motor response and decision domain), behavioral flexibility (including set shifting and goal-directed behavior), and attention bias are reviewed for eating disorders including Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Then, the difference in decision-making is specifically discussed between AN, BN, and BED, indicating that decision impairment may reflect the trait of different types of the eating disorder. Besides, the decision-making process may reflect the different behavior of eating disorders. The article aims to categorize further subtypes of eating disorders and the conceptualization of AN-R (Restrictive type of Anorexia Nervosa), AN-B (Binging type of Anorexia Nervosa), BN, and BED. The result can bring more insights into neuroimaging to identify the underlying impairment, especially for the biological or cognitive endophenotypes that may attribute to impulsive and compulsive behavior for differentiating subtypes of obesity.

show abstract

A review of effort-based decision-making in eating and weight disorders

Cited by 16 publications

References 161 publications

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex represents subjective value across effort-based and risky decision-making

The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex represents subjective value across effort-based and risky decision-making

Examining the role of urgency in predicting binge size in bulimia nervosa

Cognitive Process Difference among Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About