A review of energy internet research considering interactive energy: The blockchain perspective

Abstract

With the proposal of carbon peak and neutrality goals in China, new technologies such as multi-energy synergy technology, cyber physical systems, and multi-market integration technology have ushered in unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Energy Internet (EI) technology considering interactive energy has come into being. Interactive energy is a mechanism to achieve system balance by integrating economic means and power grid control technology, using “value” as a coordination method. It can promote the development and utilization of distributed renewable energy in the energy internet technology, so as to promote the clean, low-carbon, and intelligent development of energy. Blockchain can provide effective support for the development and application of EI because of its decentralized, open, autonomous, and information-immutable characteristics. In order to better cope with the challenges existing in EI, this article designs an analysis framework for EI from the blockchain perspective, which contains five dimensions, including engineering dimension, technical dimension, economic dimension, environmental dimension, and social dimension. It further refines the five dimensions aiming to comprehensively summarize the research status of the EI, which can promote its application in the development of all industries in society.

Blockchain technology in the renewable energy sector: A co-word analysis of academic discourse

“…The integration of advanced technologies such as AI and 'machine learning' is recognized for their ability to optimize energy distribution and consumption, enhancing the overall efficiency of the energy systems. 'Game theory' is mentioned as a tool for strategic planning among diverse stakeholders in the energy market, ensuring competitive and cooperative dynamics lead to optimal outcomes [ 159 ]. In response to the increasing digitization of energy systems, the importance of 'privacy,' 'security,' and 'cybersecurity' is emphasized, addressing the critical need to protect sensitive data and ensure the integrity of the energy network against cyber threats.…”

Blockchain-Based Applications for Smart Grids: An Umbrella Review

“…These reviews grouped blockchain applications in different ways. Some studies took a systematic approach, such as [23], in which the authors examined the applications according to several different dimensions. However, most did not.…”

“…For example, renewable energy sources were also referred to as renewable energy resources, and renewable energy was also referred to as green energy. Allladi et al [10] Appasani et al [11] Baidya et al [12] Gawusu et al [13] Hasankhani et al [14] Henninger et al [15] Junaidi et al [16] Khan et al [17] Malla et al [18] Miglani et al [19] Musleh et al [20] Nour et al [21] O'Donovan et al [22] Wang et al [23] Yapa et al [24] In [9], blockchain applications were divided based on the target components: (1) microgrids and smart grids, which include blockchain-based applications for the energy market, peer-to-peer trading, energy management, and carbon emission trading; (2) electric vehicles, which concerns how to integrate electric vehicles into the grid with energy trading; and (3) privacy protection of the users.…”

“…In [23], the role blockchain technology could play was examined in multiple dimensions: (1) technical (using blockchain technology to reduce costs and improve efficiency), economic (using blockchain technology for fair and secure energy trading), engineering (using blockchain technology for safe and reliable grid data management), the environment (using blockchain technology to manage environmental pollution), and social (using blockchain technology to implement a unified energy market). Although the classifications are different, the discussed applications span all the categories that we proposed.…”