A review of environmental odor quantification and qualification methods: The question of objectivity in sensory analysis

Hawko, Charbel.; Verriele, M.; Hucher, Nicolas; Crunaire, S.; Léger, Celine; Locoge, N.; Savary, Géraldine

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148862

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Perceived odor intensity is the relative strength of the odor above its detection threshold. The intensity is usually represented by some kind of a category scale (i.e., weak, strong), by subjective magnitude estimates (i.e., odor X is twice as strong as odor Y) or by reference to a specific odorant, whose concentration is adjusted until both, the reference and analyzed sample have the same perceived intensity [46]. Usually, the panelists must assess the odor intensity of the sample according to a specified category scale.…”

Section: Dynamic Olfactometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When category scale is used, the Weber-Fechner law shall be applied. When magnitude or reference scales are used, Steven's law gives better results [46]. Hedonic tone defines the pleasantness and unpleasantness of an odor and is evaluated according to a category scale ranging from −4 (extremely unpleasant) through zero (neither pleasant nor unpleasant) to +4 (extremely pleasant) [47].…”

Section: Dynamic Olfactometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic Noses and Their Applications for Sensory and Analytical Measurements in the Waste Management Plants—A Review

Jońca

Pawnuk

Arsen

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Waste management plants are one of the most important sources of odorants that may cause odor nuisance. The monitoring of processes involved in the waste treatment and disposal as well as the assessment of odor impact in the vicinity of this type of facilities require two different but complementary approaches: analytical and sensory. The purpose of this work is to present these two approaches. Among sensory techniques dynamic and field olfactometry are considered, whereas analytical methodologies are represented by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), single gas sensors and electronic noses (EN). The latter are the core of this paper and are discussed in details. Since the design of multi-sensor arrays and the development of machine learning algorithms are the most challenging parts of the EN construction a special attention is given to the recent advancements in the sensitive layers development and current challenges in data processing. The review takes also into account relatively new EN systems based on mass spectrometry and flash gas chromatography technologies. Numerous examples of applications of the EN devices to the sensory and analytical measurements in the waste management plants are given in order to summarize efforts of scientists on development of these instruments for constant monitoring of chosen waste treatment processes (composting, anaerobic digestion, biofiltration) and assessment of odor nuisance associated with these facilities.

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Section: Dynamic Olfactometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamic Olfactometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Noses and Their Applications for Sensory and Analytical Measurements in the Waste Management Plants—A Review

Jońca

Pawnuk

Arsen

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other alternative measures have been used, such as the number of times that the concentration of an odorant exceeds the threshold values, normally together with the hedonic tone. These approaches are less informative than the odor units, since it is difficult to measure and interpret synergic odor effects, typically found in complex odor mixtures [20].…”

Section: Odor Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

2022

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In recent decades, a new generation of waste treatment plants based on biological treatments (mainly anaerobic digestion and/or composting) has arisen all over the world. These plants have been progressively substituted for incineration facilities and landfills. Although these plants have evident benefits in terms of their environmental impact and higher recovery of material and energy, the release into atmosphere of malodorous compounds and its mitigation is one of the main challenges that these plants face. In this review, the methodology to determine odors, the main causes of having undesirable gaseous emissions, and the characterization of odors are reviewed. Finally, another important topic of odor abatement technologies is treated, especially those related to biological low-impact processes. In conclusion, odor control is the main challenge for a sustainable implementation of modern waste treatment plants.

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“…This practice of characterising odor perception using reference vocabulary has been widely employed for drinking water, wastewater and compost, urban odors, and even wines. [73][74][75][76] The categories for symptoms and actions were refined based on a review of the public health literature on odor. 28 Odors and causes were categorised based on local knowledge of important odors and odor sources in the region.…”

Section: Osac Open Text Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor, Air Quality, and Well-Being: Understanding the Urban Smellscape Using Crowd-sourced Science, Monitoring, and Modeling

Bhandari

Monticelli

Ramkairsingh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Odor exposure can adversely impact health and quality of life. It is challenging to study odors and their effects due to variability in individual sensitivity and perception, atmospheric physico-chemical processes, and emissions of mixtures of odorous contaminants. Here, we conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses of a 12-month data set from a web application collecting crowd-sourced odor reports, including spatiotemporal information, odor and self-reported impacts description (OSAC: odors, symptoms, actions in response, and potential causes), and demographics, in Vancouver, Canada. Spatiotemporal patterns highlight the influence of persistent sources (e.g., waste management) and transient events (e.g., accidents). Multiple linear regression models suggest that meteorological ventilation and air pollutants account for 60% of the variance in daily odor report counts. Users report diverse OSAC with strong seasonality and spatial variability. Reported symptoms, ranging from neurological to emotion-and mood-related, highlight the complexity of odor-related well-being impacts. Odors can trigger maladaptive behavior, where individuals are exposed to other environmental stressors (e.g., heat stress) or engage in risky behaviors to avoid or cope with odor impacts. Results from this project provide evidence that human-centered approaches can enrich understanding of the impacts of odorous emissions on health and well-being.

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A review of environmental odor quantification and qualification methods: The question of objectivity in sensory analysis

Cited by 34 publications

References 141 publications

Electronic Noses and Their Applications for Sensory and Analytical Measurements in the Waste Management Plants—A Review

Electronic Noses and Their Applications for Sensory and Analytical Measurements in the Waste Management Plants—A Review

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

Odor, Air Quality, and Well-Being: Understanding the Urban Smellscape Using Crowd-sourced Science, Monitoring, and Modeling

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