A Review of Fully Integrated and Embedded Power Converters for IoT

Richelli, Anna; Salem, Mohamed; Colalongo, L.

doi:10.3390/en14175419

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Hou et al [4] presented a novel paper about voltage booster circuits for wireless sensor networks with an energy conversion rate of up to 27%. Richelli et al in their review [18] also discussed DC-DC boosters, which are fully integrated and embedded for IoT purposes.…”

Section: The Approach In Geothermal Renewable Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-power Renewable Possibilities for Geothermal IoT Monitoring Systems

Byrtus

Hercík

Dohnal

et al. 2022

2022 11th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Application (ICRERA)

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Nowadays, humanity is facing a difficult challenge focused on the sustainability of further years. One of the major ways is the usage of renewable energy as a sustainable and reliable source of electric power. This trend is also obvious in the field of the Internet of Things, where research teams are increasingly focusing on renewable energy and its improvement. This paper aims to map current research on the use of renewable resources on the Internet of Things with a focus on use in geothermal applications. Information concerning renewable energy sources and individual IoT platforms is summarized.

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Section: The Approach In Geothermal Renewable Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-power Renewable Possibilities for Geothermal IoT Monitoring Systems

Byrtus

Hercík

Dohnal

et al. 2022

2022 11th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Application (ICRERA)

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“…[1,2] With the rapid growth in IoT, a massive fluctuates depending on the irradiation conditions. [14][15][16][17] Several studies have investigated various applications using PV, such as health monitoring, thermoregulation, and LED operation. [17][18][19][20][21] However, it is difficult to drive sensor devices that require a wide range of voltages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Indoor Light‐Powered Sensor System Integrated with Organic Photovoltaics

Kim

Cho

Lee

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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number of independent energy sources are required to operate tens of billions of low-power electronic devices used for indoor applications. [3,4] Currently, most of the IoT-based devices installed in homes, offices, and workspaces are powered by disposable or rechargeable batteries. [5] However, the use of batteries to operate IoT-based devices presents significant technical challenges that have a decisive impact on the IoT sustainability. All batteries inherently have a limited lifespan. The electrical capacity of batteries rapidly decreases with aging and continuous charging and discharging. Thus, batteries should be continuously replaced and maintained, which increases the maintenance costs and creates environmental issues. [5,6] Therefore, semi-permanent power sources with small maintenance cost and few environmental constraints are required for sustainable IoT sensors. [7] Photovoltaics (PVs) are the most promising renewable-energy harvesting source. [8,9] Notably, organic PVs (OPVs) have a great potential to provide a self-sustaining power source for sensors under low-intensity illumination. Compared to other PV technologies (e.g., perovskite, dye-sensitized, and silicon solar cells), OPVs are a suitable power source for operating a variety of indoor applications due to the non-toxicity, tunability of the bandgap, and absorption spectrum of their materials. [10] OPVs can absorb energy within the visible-light range of 400-750 nm, which matches the emission spectrum of indoor light sources, e.g., light-emitting diodes (LED) and fluorescent lamps. [10,11] Stateof-the-art, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OPVs has been reported to approach 30% under diverse indoor conditions (250-1650 lux). [11,12] However, some aspects should be considered to enable the use of OPVs as an energy source for indoor-sensor applications.First, indoor OPVs should be able to sufficiently withstand light and thermal stress during long-term operation of sensor devices. OPVs suffer from stability issues caused by intensive light soaking and thermal cycling. [13] In particular, thermal stress causes severe morphological changes in the photoactive layer, which can degrade the performance of OPVs. We previously developed OPVs that have excellent thermal stability by optimizing the morphology of the active layer. [12] Moreover, the OPV needs to provide a suitable and stable direct-current (DC) voltage to operate the sensor devices. The open-circuit voltage (V OC ) generated by an indoor PV is less than 1 V, which Energy harvesting systems are attracting significant attention as a new power-supply technology to overcome the limitations of internet of things (IoT) devices usually established in an indoor environment such as power consumption, size, and usage time. Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) with high absorption coefficients at indoor light wavelengths are a promising energy source for the IoT-based sensors. However, OPVs in sensor platforms are not well addressed because of their insufficient and inconsistent power supply under ind...

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“…For the former, some applications would in fact benefit from lower cell voltages, e. g., Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices could do without built-in voltage converters if the cell voltage was a mere ca. 1.2-1.5 V. [7,8] With respect to the latter, e. g. large-scale (MWh-TWh) electrochemical energy storage installations, on-or off-grid, with completely different usage patterns, might rather prefer a more affordable price tag and low overall environmental impact, also with respect to the battery production and total energy throughput. [9,10] In this regard, aqueous electrochemical cells based on organic active materials are especially attractive, as expensive transition metals and flammable organic solvents are both avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability and Technical Performance of An All‐Organic Aqueous Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor

Karlsmo

Johansson

2022

Batteries & Supercaps

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Development of all‐organic aqueous energy storage devices (ESDs) is a promising pathway towards meeting the needs of technically medium/low‐demanding electrical applications. Such ESDs should favour low cost, low environmental impact, and safety, and thereby complement more expensive, high voltage, and energy/power dense ESDs such as lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, we set out to assemble all‐organic aqueous Na‐ion hybrid supercapacitors, exclusively using commercial materials, with the aim to provide a truly sustainable and low‐cost ESD. Overall, the created ESD delivers adequate technical performance in terms of capacity retention, Coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency, and energy/power density. Finally, we apply a straight‐forward and qualitative biodegradability method to the ESD.

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A Review of Fully Integrated and Embedded Power Converters for IoT

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Low-power Renewable Possibilities for Geothermal IoT Monitoring Systems

Low-power Renewable Possibilities for Geothermal IoT Monitoring Systems

An Indoor Light‐Powered Sensor System Integrated with Organic Photovoltaics

Sustainability and Technical Performance of An All‐Organic Aqueous Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor

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