A review of gas hydrate nucleation theories and growth models

Ke, Wei; Svartaas, Thor M.; Chen, Daoyi

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2018.10.021

Cited by 144 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Step M 2 is about the rapid hydrate formation period. Hydrate nucleation and growth theories have been discussed elsewhere [27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This period is dependent on the operating pressure. The higher the operating pressure, the higher the driving force and the shorter the hydrate formation period [27]. Sub-cooling (∆T) is the most often used term to define the driving force for hydrate formation and is given by the formula ∆T = T eq − T exp , where T eq is the equilibrium temperature and T exp is the experimental temperature, such that T exp < T eq .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrate Stability and Methane Recovery from Gas Hydrate through CH4–CO2 Replacement in Different Mass Transfer Scenarios

Pandey

Solms

2019

Energies

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CH4–CO2 replacement is a carbon-negative, safer gas production technique to produce methane gas from natural gas hydrate reservoirs by injecting pure CO2 or other gas mixtures containing CO2. Laboratory-scale experiments show that this technique produces low methane volume and has a slow replacement rate due to the mass transfer barrier created due to impermeable CO2 hydrate layer formation, thus making the process commercially unattractive. This mass-transfer barrier can be reduced through pressure reduction techniques and chemical techniques; however, very few studies have focused on depressurization-assisted and chemical-assisted CH4–CO2 replacement to lower mass-transfer barriers and there are many unknowns. In this work, we qualitatively and quantitatively investigated the effect of the pressure reduction and presence of a hydrate promoter on mixed hydrate stability, CH4 recovery, and risk of water production during CH4–CO2 exchange. Exchange experiments were carried out using the 500 ppm sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution inside a high-pressure stirred reactor. Our results indicated that mixed hydrate stability and methane recovery depends on the degree of pressure reduction, type, and composition of injected gas. Final selection between CO2 and CO2 + N2 gas depends on the tradeoff between mixed hydrate stability pressure and methane recovery. Hydrate morphology studies suggest that production of water during the CH4–CO2 exchange is a stochastic phenomenon that is dependent on many parameters.

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“…Step M 2 is about the rapid hydrate formation period. Hydrate nucleation and growth theories have been discussed elsewhere [27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrate Stability and Methane Recovery from Gas Hydrate through CH4–CO2 Replacement in Different Mass Transfer Scenarios

Pandey

Solms

2019

Energies

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“…[4]. Gas molecules, known as 'guest' are entrapped in the hydrogen-bonded water molecules, called 'host' [5]. Among the unique features of hydrates are; they are not chemical compounds and are non-stoichiometric crystals [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conditions of gas hydrate solids occurrence is majorly governed by either its thermodynamic equilibrium or nucleation/growth rate. Chemical injection by adding the thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs) like methanol and mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) [5] or low-dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs) such as kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) and anti-agglomerants (AAs) [11] is a common approach to either shift the equilibrium curve or delay the nucleation rate [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Application of Quaternary Ammonium Salts for Gas Hydrate Inhibition

Hussain

Husin

2020

Applied Sciences

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Gas hydrate solids occurrence is considered as one of the serious challenges in flow assurance as it affects the hydrocarbon production significantly, especially in deep water gas fields. The most cost-effective method to inhibit the formation of hydrate in pipelines is by injecting a hydrate inhibitor agent. Continuous studies have led to a comprehensive understanding on the use of low dosage hydrate inhibitors such as ionic liquid and quaternary ammonium salts which are also known as dual function gas hydrate inhibitors. This paper covers the latest types of quaternary ammonium salts (2020–2016) and a summary of findings which are essential for future studies. Reviews on the effects of length of ionic liquids alkyl chain, average suppression temperatures, hydrate dissociation enthalpies, and electrical conductivity to the effectiveness of the quaternary ammonium salts as gas hydrate inhibitors are included.

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“…The existing problems of using hydrates are somehow related to an insufficiently complete understanding of the physics and chemistry of the processes that occur during the formation and dissociation of the hydrate phase [22,23]. This, in turn, is associated with a variety of phenomena taking place during hydrate processing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Isothermal Kinetic Model of the Methane Hydrate Dissociation Process at Temperatures Below Ice Melting Point

Donskoy

Misyura

2020

Energy Systems Research

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The paper proposes a new model of gas hydrate particles dissociation at high heat fluxes. In this model, the process of hydrate decomposition occurs under the conditions of competition between heterogeneous kinetics and gas filtration. An analysis of the experimental data gives new values of the kinetic coefficients for the hydrate dissociation at low temperatures. The calculation results make it possible to reproduce experimental data on the dynamics of methane hydrate powder dissociation (including dissociation under the conditions of gas burning above the surface) and to describe the phenomenon of self-conservation in terms of changes in the pore structure of the ice crust. The submodel of dissociation of a single particle is embedded in the mathematical model of transport processes in the powder layer, which allows analyzing the heterogeneity of heating and the collective effects of dissociation.

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A review of gas hydrate nucleation theories and growth models

Cited by 144 publications

References 155 publications

Hydrate Stability and Methane Recovery from Gas Hydrate through CH4–CO2 Replacement in Different Mass Transfer Scenarios

Hydrate Stability and Methane Recovery from Gas Hydrate through CH4–CO2 Replacement in Different Mass Transfer Scenarios

Review on Application of Quaternary Ammonium Salts for Gas Hydrate Inhibition

Non-Isothermal Kinetic Model of the Methane Hydrate Dissociation Process at Temperatures Below Ice Melting Point

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