A Review of Glottal Waveform Analysis

Walker, Jacqueline; Murphy, Peter

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71505-4_1

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This process is called inverse filtering [Fritzell 1992, Walker and Murphy 2007, Drugman et al 2012, Gudnason et al 2012. The vocal tract (throat, mouth and in some cases nose) forms the tube, which is characterized by its resonances.…”

Section: Feature Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of publications dedicated to detection of pressed and breathy phonation modes (mostly in speech) employed descriptors derived from the glottal flow waveform such as amplitude quotient (AQ), normalised amplitude quotient (NAQ) and the difference between the first two harmonics (H1-H2) [Walker and Murphy 2007, Orr et al 2003, Drugman et al 2008, Lehto et al 2007, Sundberg et al 2004. These descriptors are considered particularly suitable for glottal flow waveform estimation because they are relatively robust to some estimation errors.…”

Section: Feature Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breathy, Resonant, Pressed – Automatic Detection of Phonation Mode from Audio Recordings of Singing

Proutskova

Rhodes

Crawford

et al. 2013

Journal of New Music Research

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In this paper we present an experiment on automatic detection of phonation modes from recordings of sustained sung vowels. We created an open dataset specifically for this experiment, containing recordings of nine vowels from multiple languages, sung by a female singer on all pitches in her vocal range in phonation modes breathy, neutral, flow (resonant) and pressed. The dataset is available under a Creative Commons license at http://www.proutskova.de/phonation-modes/ .First, glottal flow waveform is estimated via inverse filtering (IAIF) from audio recordings. Then six parameters of the glottal flow waveform are calculated. A 4-class Support Vector Machine classifier is constructed to separate these features into phonation mode classes. We automated the IAIF approach by computing the values of the input arguments -lip radiation and formant count -leading to the best-performing SVM classifiers (average classification accuracy over 60%), yielding a physical model for the articulation of the vowels.We examine the steps needed to generalise and extend the experimental work presented in this paper in order to apply this method in ethnomusicological investigations.

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Section: Feature Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feature Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathy, Resonant, Pressed – Automatic Detection of Phonation Mode from Audio Recordings of Singing

Proutskova

Rhodes

Crawford

et al. 2013

Journal of New Music Research

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show abstract

“…16 The advantages of this method are that it is physically simple and highly resistant to noise from the surrounding environment. 17 Hence, similar to the Meltzner approach, we used the reflectionless uniform tube, instead of the inverse filtering method, to estimate the volume velocity that excites the vocal tract, thus avoiding the influence of radiated sound from the shaker and the estimation error of the vocal tract transfer function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the sound transmission characteristics of normal neck tissue using a reflectionless uniform tube

Xiao

Dong

et al. 2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Understanding the sound transmission of the neck tissue is necessary and important in areas such as vocal function evaluation and electrolarynx improvement. In this paper, a simple method using a reflectionless tube was proposed to measure the neck frequency response function (NFRF) of ten normal subjects (five males and five females) during Mandarin vowel production. The NFRFs across different subjects producing different vowels were measured at different neck positions and compared to confirm the effectiveness of the method, and determine the NFRF variations in normal subjects. The results showed that the proposed method offered an easy and effective way to obtain an accurate NFRF. For normal subjects, the neck tissue can be treated as a low-pass filter, with a maximum gain at 310 Hz and a roll-off at a slope of -8.4 dB/octave, flattening out above 2000 Hz. The measurement position on the neck did not influence the shape of the NFRF, but did change the overall gains of the NFRF. In addition, there was a significant gender difference in NFRFs at the low frequencies. Finally, some potential applications of this method and the results are suggested.

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“…21Á23). A comprehensive review of different glottal inverse filtering methods may be found in Walker and Murphy (24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TKK Aparat: An environment for voice inverse filtering and parameterization

Airas

2008

Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology

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The study of the glottal flow, the acoustic excitation for voiced speech, provides insight into the voice signal, which is of potential benefit in many disciplines. One common method for estimating the glottal flow is inverse filtering, in which the effects of the vocal tract and the lip radiation are removed from a microphone signal. This paper presents a new inverse filtering and parameterization software package, which is available under an open-source licence. It provides a user-friendly graphical interface for rapid inverse filtering and parameterization, and the algorithms and parameters can be easily re-used in other projects. The system has already proved to be useful in algorithm development, speech science research, as well as in the study of occupational voice.

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A Review of Glottal Waveform Analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 72 publications

Breathy, Resonant, Pressed – Automatic Detection of Phonation Mode from Audio Recordings of Singing

Breathy, Resonant, Pressed – Automatic Detection of Phonation Mode from Audio Recordings of Singing

Measurement of the sound transmission characteristics of normal neck tissue using a reflectionless uniform tube

TKK Aparat: An environment for voice inverse filtering and parameterization

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