A Review of Ground Penetrating Radar Antenna Design and Optimization

Travassos, Xisto Lucas; Avila, Sergio; Adriano, Ricardo; Ida, Nathan

doi:10.1590/2179-10742018v17i31321

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Once the spectral and temporal requirements are obtained for the test problem using the proposed methodology in Section III, an antenna topology should be selected. In general, an antenna for GPR applications needs to consider the following characteristics: wide frequency bandwidth to obtain high resolution, good gain, radiation efficiency, good impedance matching, low dispersion, small size and low weight [11]. Many GPR-UWB antennas have been studied in the literature that could meet the obtained requirements: bowtie antennas [32], [33], spiral slot antennas [34], circular antennas [35],…”

Section: Uwb Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed that the most significant advances in a GPR system can be achieved with the antenna design (transmitter-receiver). In this regard, a complete review of GPR antenna characteristics is presented in [11]. Several studies with specific applications for GPR have been developed to seek antenna systems with optimal designs and low cost [12], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ground-Penetrating Radar Antenna Design for Homogeneous and Low-Loss Dielectric Multilayer Media

Africano

Vargas

Adriano

et al. 2020

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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Section: Uwb Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-Penetrating Radar Antenna Design for Homogeneous and Low-Loss Dielectric Multilayer Media

Africano

Vargas

Adriano

et al. 2020

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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“…Different antenna designs are implemented for UWB GPR systems such as dipole [ 13 ], bow-tie antenna [ 14 , 15 ], the spiral antenna [ 16 ], tapered slot antenna [ 17 , 18 ], and TEM horn antenna [ 19 , 20 ] depending upon whether the application demand requires high penetration depth with low resolution or vice-versa. The GPR antennas have either low gain or are bandwidth limited, can exhibit late-time ringing while transmitting short-time pulse, and are bulky [ 21 ]. The bandwidth of the antenna plays an important role in selecting the application requirement for a high depth penetration with low resolution or vice-versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vivaldi Antenna Arrays Feed by Frequency-Independent Phase Shifter for High Directivity and Gain Used in Microwave Sensing and Communication Applications

Ghimire

Diba

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper describes a novel feed system for compact, wideband, high gain six-slot Vivaldi antenna arrays on a single substrate layer using a unique combination of power splitters based on binary T-junction power splitter topology, frequency-independent phase shifter, and a T-branch. The proposed antenna system consists of six Vivaldi antennas, three on the left, and three on the right arm. Each arm connects with T-junction power divider splitter topology, given that the right arm is linked through a frequency-independent phase shifter. Phase shifters ensure that the beam is symmetrical without splitting in a radiating plane so that highly directive radiation patterns occur. The optimal return losses (S-parameters) are well enriched by reforming Vivaldi’s feeding arms and optimizing Vivaldi slots and feeds. A novel feature of our design is that the antenna exhibits the arrangements of a T-junction power splitter with an out-of-phase feeding mechanism in one of the arms, followed by a T-branching feeding to even arrays of proper Vivaldi antenna arrangement contributing high realized gain and front-to-back ratio up to 14.12 dBi and 23.23 dB respectively applicable for not only ultra-wideband (UWB) application, also for sensing and position detecting. The high directivity over the entire UWB frequency band in both higher and lower frequency ranges ensures that the antenna can be used in microwave through-wall imaging along with resolution imaging for ground penetration radar (GPR) applications. The fabricated antenna parameters are in close agreement with the simulated and measured results and are deployed for the detection of targets inside the voids of the concrete brick.

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“…Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) system is a RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) system that can be used to detect embedded objects underground by using the electromagnetic (EM) wave radiation. The non-destructive technique (NDT) used by the GPR system can be considered as a better approach for detecting underground objects in certain areas for the long-term interests [2], [3]. In addition, the GPR system can detect both metal and non-metal underground objects [2], [4] [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the underground objects that can be detected by this type of GPR system are at very shallow depth, referred to as the ground surface. Whereas, a low-frequency system generates blurry GPR radargram images, but it is able to detect underground objects at deeper depths, as the EM waves are able to penetrate deeper inside the earth [3], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Copyright notice]

2020

2020 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)

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One of the equipment that can be used in detecting underground objects is the GPR system. This equipment uses an electromagnetic wave reflection technique produced by its antenna. However, the clarity of the GPR radargram image produced by the system is said to depend on the operating frequency of the system. In order to study the effect of the operating frequency on the GPR radargram, this study developed simulations of the GPR system using three operating frequencies to detect the existence of an underground object, which was divided into a big-sized object and a small-size object. The selected operating frequencies were 0 0.13 GHz, 0 0.5 GHz and 0 1 GHz. The underground object depth was set at 2 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm from the ground surface. In the simulations, only the big underground object was detected, except when the object was set on the surface of the ground. Based on the GPR system simulation of underground object detection at 7cm, all the GPR systems developed were able to detect the big underground object, while the GPR system could not discover any small underground object. The GPR radargram produced by the system is able to show the location of the object in the image clearly.

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A Review of Ground Penetrating Radar Antenna Design and Optimization

Cited by 36 publications

References 47 publications

Ground-Penetrating Radar Antenna Design for Homogeneous and Low-Loss Dielectric Multilayer Media

Ground-Penetrating Radar Antenna Design for Homogeneous and Low-Loss Dielectric Multilayer Media

Vivaldi Antenna Arrays Feed by Frequency-Independent Phase Shifter for High Directivity and Gain Used in Microwave Sensing and Communication Applications

[Copyright notice]

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