A Review of High-Heat-Flux Heat Removal Technologies

Ebadian, M. A.; Lin, Cheng-Xian

doi:10.1115/1.4004340

Cited by 257 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The spatial terms in Eqs. (6) and (7) are discretized using the fifth-order WENO scheme [34], and the temporal terms are integrated using the third-order Runge-Kutta (RK) scheme with the total variation diminishing (TVD) property [34]. The smooth Heaviside function H in Eqs.…”

Section: Level Set Methods For Interface Capturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heat generated by such devices must be removed rapidly to ensure the reliability of the devices. Despite many techniques have been developed for high-efficiency cooling, such as heat pipes [1], spraying [2,3], jet impingement [4], and microchannels [5], it is still attracting researchers' attention to improve the existing cooling techniques and to develop new techniques for the demand of compact high-heat-flux and highefficiency heat exchangers [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three dimensional features of convective heat transfer in droplet-based microchannel heat sinks

Che

Wong

Nguyen

et al. 2015

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Convective heat transfer in droplet-based microchannel heat sinks can be enhanced by the recirculating vortices due to the presence of interfaces. In rectangular microchannels, the three dimensional structures of the vortices and the 'gutters' (i.e., the space between the curved droplet interface and the corner of the microchannel) can significantly affect the heat transfer process. Numerical simulations of the heat transfer process are performed to study the three dimensional features in droplet-based microchannel heat sinks. The finite volume method and the level set method are employed to simulate the flow dynamics, the evolution of the interface, and the heat transfer. The results show that the 'gutters' can hinder the heat transfer process because of its parallel flow, whereas the recirculating flow in droplets and in slug regions between successive droplets can enhance the heat transfer by advecting hot fluid towards the center of the droplets/slugs and advecting fresh fluid towards the wall of the channel. The effects of the length of droplets, the aspect ratio of the channel cross sections, and the Peclet number are analyzed.

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Section: Level Set Methods For Interface Capturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three dimensional features of convective heat transfer in droplet-based microchannel heat sinks

Che

Wong

Nguyen

et al. 2015

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Conversely, bringing fluid to narrow slow moving regions near channel walls can enhance surface reactions (for example, immunoassays 33 ), or aid in affinity capture of cells 34 or molecules. Additionally, utilizing this platform to deterministically guide liquid in microchannels can enhance heat transfer, especially in electronic cooling, by maximizing the efficiency of coolant usage near hot spots and enabling the usage of larger channels with lower pressure drops and power consumption in these systems [35][36][37] . We anticipate these future applications will be enabled as the complexity of available functions increases or the inverse problem to produce a desired sculpted flow shape is solved computationally, aided by the limited set of transformations which do not require full fluid dynamic simulations for each tested sequence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering fluid flow using sequenced microstructures

et al. 2013

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Controlling the shape of fluid streams is important across scales: from industrial processing to control of biomolecular interactions. Previous approaches to control fluid streams have focused mainly on creating chaotic flows to enhance mixing. Here we develop an approach to apply order using sequences of fluid transformations rather than enhancing chaos. We investigate the inertial flow deformations around a library of single cylindrical pillars within a microfluidic channel and assemble these net fluid transformations to engineer fluid streams. As these transformations provide a deterministic mapping of fluid elements from upstream to downstream of a pillar, we can sequentially arrange pillars to apply the associated nested maps and, therefore, create complex fluid structures without additional numerical simulation. To show the range of capabilities, we present sequences that sculpt the cross-sectional shape of a stream into complex geometries, move and split a fluid stream, perform solution exchange and achieve particle separation. A general strategy to engineer fluid streams into a broad class of defined configurations in which the complexity of the nonlinear equations of fluid motion are abstracted from the user is a first step to programming streams of any desired shape, which would be useful for biological, chemical and materials automation.

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“…It has the advantages of small temperature difference, no boiling hysteresis, good heat transfer performance, uniform surface temperature and low requirements for cooling medium [1][2][3]. It has been widely utilized in many fields such as electronic equipment cooling, medical treatment, nuclear industry and steeling [4][5][6][7][8]. Therefore spray cooling owns an application potential in the field of aircraft directed energy weapon cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%