A Review of Innovative Electromagnetic Technologies for a Totally Artificial Heart

Andriollo, M.; Fanton, Enrico; Tortella, A.

doi:10.3390/app13031870

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The actuation system with a linear and two rotary motors was designed using FEM simulations to meet the requirements of force and torque, considering the copper losses, which are the primary source of heat to the pump system. With an average copper loss of < 10 W, the ShuttlePump's power consumption is in the range of two state-of-the-art RBPs [26] and other pulsatile TAHs [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Pumping Principle for a Total Artificial Heart

Bierewirtz¹,

Narayanaswamy²,

Giuffrida³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: Total artificial hearts (TAH) are used as a temporary treatment for severe biventricular heart failure. Long-term cardiac replacement is hampered by limited durability and complication rates, which may be attributable to the modus operandi of state-of-the-art pumping systems. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a novel valveless pumping principle for a durable pulsatile TAH (ShuttlePump). Methods: With a rotating and linearly shuttling piston within a cylindrical housing with 2 in- and outlets, the pump features only one single moving part and delivers pulsatile flow to both systemic and pulmonary circulation. The pump and actuation system were designed iteratively based on analytical and in silico methods, utilizing finite element methods (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Pump characteristics were evaluated experimentally in a mock circulation loop mimicking the cardiovascular system, while hemocompatibility related parameters were calculated numerically. Results: Pump characteristics cover the entire required operating range for a TAH (2.5 - 9L/min at 50 - 160mmHg arterial pressures) at stroke frequencies of 1.5 - 5Hz while balancing left and right atrial pressures. FEM analysis showed a mean overall copper losses of 8.84W, resulting in local blood temperature rise of < 2k. The CFD results of normalized index of hemolysis was 3.57 mg/100L and 95% of the pumps blood volume was exchanged after 1.42s. Conclusion: This study indicates feasibility of a novel pumping system for a TAH with numerical and experimental results substantiating further development of the ShuttlePump.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Pumping Principle for a Total Artificial Heart

Bierewirtz¹,

Narayanaswamy²,

Giuffrida³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, these bearings can operate in extreme environments such as vacuum, high speeds, extremely low and high temperatures, as well as Harsh chemical conditions like acidic or alkaline environments. These characteristics make magnetic levitation bearings highly competitive in fields such as life sciences, clean production lines, transportation, and aerospace [3][4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Bearing: Structure, Model and Control strategy

Huang,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bearings are crucial transmission components that offer support to mechanical rotating bodies. Nevertheless, traditional bearing failure due to friction and wear more easily. In scenarios involving ultra-high speeds and extreme applications, minimizing bearing losses and enhancing performance becomes especially vital. Magnetic bearings, characterized by zero friction, no need for lubrication, and high-speed capabilities, offer a viable solution to the issue of bearing failure attributed to friction. However, there is currently a shortage of comprehensive review literature that delves into the structural attributes, modeling mechanisms, and control strategies of magnetic bearings. This article will perform a comprehensive literature review on magnetic bearings, addressing the aforementioned aspects and discussing their core technologies. Firstly, from the perspective of classification and magnetic circuit structure analysis, the properties and characteristics of various magnetic bearings are discussed. Secondly, the working principle and performance of mathematical models of magnetic bearings with different structures are described, and the modeling steps and optimization schemes are summarized. Furthermore, the influence of control strategy of magnetic bearing on the control performance of magnetic bearing is summarized. Compared to PID control, modern control theory has achieved a performance improvement of nearly 50% in terms of improved position accuracy and adjustment time. Finally, the current research progress on magnetic bearings is summarized, and the current bottleneck issues are anticipated. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the action mechanism and control method of magnetic levitation bearing, thus promoting the progress of magnetic levitation bearing technology.

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