A review of Lassa fever vaccine candidates

Salami, Kolawole; Gouglas, Dimitrios; Schmaljohn, Connie S.; Saville, Mélanie; Tornieporth, Nadia

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.07.006

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Junin virus is considered endemic in Argentina 170 and sporadic outbreaks have been reported 171 . There are several promising vaccinal prototypes being developed for this virus, most are in the preclinical stage 172 and one, based on plasmidial DNA, has already reached human test phase 173 .…”

Section: Arenavirus (Av)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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This review focuses on reports of hepatitis E virus, hantavirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, and arenavirus in synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, and Mus musculus) within urban environments. Despite their potential impact on human health, relatively few studies have addressed the monitoring of these viruses in rodents. Comprehensive control and preventive activities should include actions such as the elimination or reduction of rat and mouse populations, sanitary education, reduction of shelters for the animals, and restriction of the access of rodents to residences, water, and food supplies.

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Section: Arenavirus (Av)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Furthermore, there is also a possibility of cross-reaction between LASV and other Arenaviruses strains. Although promising results have been reported in the preclinical phase of the vaccine development [18], there are currently no approved vaccines against LASV infection [19]. The management of LASV fever patients is primarily mainly based on alleviating symptoms.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of Lassa virus in humans, rodents and other mammals in sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2020

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Accurate data on the Lassa virus (LASV) human case fatality rate (CFR) and the prevalence of LASV in humans, rodents and other mammals are needed for better planning of actions that will ultimately reduce the burden of LASV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. In this systematic review with meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Africa Journal Online, and African Index Medicus from 1969 to 2020 to obtain studies that reported enough data to calculate LASV infection CFR or prevalence. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted independently. We extracted all measures of current, recent, and past infections with LASV. Prevalence and CFR estimates were pooled using a random-effect meta-analysis. Factors associated with CFR, prevalence, and sources of between-study heterogeneity were determined using subgroup and metaregression analyses. This review was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020166465. We initially identified 1,399 records and finally retained 109 reports that contributed to 291 prevalence records from 25 countries. The overall CFR was 29.7% (22.3-37.5) in humans. Pooled prevalence of LASV infection was 8.7% (95% confidence interval: 6.8-10.8) in humans, 3.2% (1.9-4.6) in rodents, and 0.7% (0.0-2.3) in other mammals. Subgroup and metaregression analyses revealed a substantial statistical heterogeneity explained by higher prevalence in tissue organs, in case-control, in hospital outbreak, and surveys, in retrospective studies, in urban and hospital setting, in hospitalized patients, and in West African countries.

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“…A Lassa vaccine or vaccines should provide protective immunity against LASV from the multiple lineages present across West Africa. A variety of Lassa vaccines are under development 14,15,38 . The different vaccine constructs and delivery platforms will present LASV antigens in different ways than natural infection.…”

Section: Induction Of Cross-protective Immune Responses Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unclear whether a vaccine produced with antigens of LASV from a particular lineage will induce a human immune response that is protective against LASV of other lineages. Most Lassa vaccines in development have employed antigens of the Josiah strain (LIV) of LASV 37,38 . As a component of CEPI's efforts to facilitate and accelerate Lassa vaccine development, serum or plasma from Lassa fever survivors living in different geographical areas and thus representing different lineages has been collected through a contractual arrangement between CEPI and the Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium (VHFC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies from Sierra Leonean and Nigerian Lassa fever survivors cross-react with recombinant proteins representing Lassa viruses of divergent lineages

Heinrich

Boisen

Nelson

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, an often-fatal hemorrhagic disease that is endemic in West Africa. Seven genetically distinct LASV lineages have been identified. As part of CEPI’s (Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations) Lassa vaccine development program, we assessed the potential of the human immune system to mount cross-reactive and cross-protective humoral immune responses to antigens from the most prevalent LASV lineages, which are lineages II and III in Nigeria and lineage IV in Sierra Leone. IgG and IgM present in the blood of Lassa fever survivors from Nigeria or Sierra Leone exhibited substantial cross-reactivity for binding to LASV nucleoprotein and two engineered (linked and prefusion) versions of the glycoproteins (GP) of lineages II–IV. There was less cross-reactivity for the Zinc protein. Serum or plasma from Nigerian Lassa fever survivors neutralized LASV pseudoviruses expressing lineage II GP better than they neutralized lineage III or IV GP expressing pseudoviruses. Sierra Leonean survivors did not exhibit a lineage bias. Neutralization titres determined using LASV pseudovirus assays showed significant correlation with titres determined by plaque reduction with infectious LASV. These studies provide guidance for comparison of humoral immunity to LASV of distinct lineages following natural infection or immunization.

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A review of Lassa fever vaccine candidates

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of Lassa virus in humans, rodents and other mammals in sub-Saharan Africa

Antibodies from Sierra Leonean and Nigerian Lassa fever survivors cross-react with recombinant proteins representing Lassa viruses of divergent lineages

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