The impacts of the
composition and properties of tar products on
their utilization are of great importance, while the consequences
of varying tar separation conditions on distillation fractions remain
underexplored. Solid impurities in special tar products (e.g., subsurface
in situ pyrolysis-derived tar-like substances) can contribute to the
separation as well. In the present study, low-temperature coal tar
(LTCT) was used as an analogue to pyrolysis product, mixed with semi-coke
and coal dust, representing pyrolytic byproducts and nonpyrolytic
substances, respectively. The LTCT mixtures were tested with vacuum
distillation at various pressures and temperatures. The results revealed
the role of pressure in fraction distribution across temperatures,
with higher pressure concentrating fractions at lower temperatures.
The impact of solid impurities on distillation primarily stemmed from
adsorption. Minimal concentrations of solid impurities carried coal
dust/semi-coke into the distillation, but higher levels retained them
in the residue. The adsorption of coal dust was quite high at lower
temperatures and waned as temperature increased, unlike semi-coke,
which had consistent adsorption throughout the distillation. The present
study can advance the understanding of vacuum distillation for tar
products in the presence of solid impurities, offering a framework
for the effective distillation/utilization of coal tar. By probing
separation conditions, tar properties, and solid impurity effects,
the present research will refine strategies for optimizing coal tar
use, crucial for enhancing energy security and sustainable progress
in China.