A Review of Materials Application Limits in NORSOK M-001 and ISO 21457

Skar, Jan Ivar; Olsen, Stein

doi:10.5006/2159

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The threshold current density is, The PD-GS-PD method has been successfully used not only on nickel alloys [64,84,[139][140][141][142] but also stainless steels with varying degrees of corrosion resistance. [32,33] Although applying the PD-GS-PD-(PS + Cooling) technique to, e.g., stainless steels and nickel alloys with relatively low PRE (e.g., PRE < 40 [80]) might be excessively complicated, the method can be used to quantify the critical crevice repassivation temperature of highly corrosion-resistant nickel-alloys, which cannot be done using other conventional tests methods. As proposed by Oldfield and Sutton, the depassivation pH (pHd) is defined as the pH where a metal or alloy does not exhibit any passivity.…”

Section: Potentiodynamic-galvanostatic-potentiodynamic Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…edge attack. The methods can also be used to rank alloy performance, aid in materials selection, and the design of new materials [56,[80][81][82][83]. Methods D and F involve immersing creviced samples in acidified 6 wt% FeCl 3 + 1 wt% HCl (pH adjusted to pH = 1.0) for a period of time.Both methods use TFE-fluorocarbon MCA, and various geometries and construction materials are allowed.…”

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Crevice corrosion

Iannuzzi¹,

Salasi²,

Hornus³

2019

Preprint

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Today, there is a large number of accepted tests to study crevice corrosion phenomena. The different methodologies can be used for comparing and ranking alloys, quality control, assessing the effects of changes in manufacturing routes and alloy composition on crevice corrosion resistance, as well as in evaluations to determine critical temperatures and potentials and induction times.The goal of the chapter is to describe the various standard test methods available to the corrosion specialist as well as adaptations to study specific crevice corrosion parameters. The focus is on test methods developed by the ASTM Committee G-1 on corrosion of metals, but other procedures are also included. While the test principles have been applied to many alloy systems, the scope of the chapter is on stainless steels and nickel-based alloys.

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Section: Potentiodynamic-galvanostatic-potentiodynamic Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crevice corrosion

Iannuzzi¹,

Salasi²,

Hornus³

2019

Preprint

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“…I ntroduced in the late 1950s, duplex and super duplex stainless steels (DSS and SDSS, respectively) are widely used in many industries-including oil and gas-given their combination of mechanical, technological, and corrosion properties. [1][2][3] The microstructure of (S)DSS is composed of body-centered cubic (α, bcc) ferrite and face-centered cubic (γ, fcc) austenite phases-both of which are stainless 4 -with an ideal 50%-50% ferrite-to-austenite balance. 5 (S)DSS have been found susceptible to hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) caused by cathodic protection (CP) or exposure to H 2 Scontaining environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Induced Stress Cracking of Swaged Super Duplex Stainless Steel Subsea Components

et al. 2019

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A recent subsea failure of two subsea connectors made of UNS S32760, a 25 wt% Cr super duplex stainless steel, led to an extensive root cause failure analysis. The components showed a single longitudinal crack along a swaged section, which arrested toward its thicker end. The brittle nature of the fracture surface, calcareous deposits on the component, and exposure to cathodic protection suggested hydrogeninduced stress cracking-a form of environmentally assisted cracking-as a plausible failure mechanism. Thus, the three causative factors promoting hydrogen-induced stress cracking, namely, a susceptible microstructure, a hydrogen bearing environment, as well as sufficiently high applied and residual stresses in the material were the focus of this investigation. This work details the material characterization work and presents a possible failure mechanism. The results showed that the failure developed from a combination of factors, typical for hydrogeninduced stress cracking. The measured hydrogen content in parts of the material exceeded 40 ppm, more than an order of magnitude higher than what is normally expected in super duplex stainless steels. Additionally, a highly anisotropic, coarse microstructure was observed, which in combination with the introduced cold-work from the swaging process and potential stress raisers from design and machining could have facilitated crack initiation, ultimately leading to the failure of the component. This hypothesis was reinforced by the presence of secondary cracks along the main, brittle fracture surface. Furthermore, mechanical testing results showed a detrimental effect on the material's properties due to the presence of residual hydrogen and the swaging operation.

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Corrosion in Thermal Desalination Processes: Forms and Mitigation Practices

Meroufel

2020

Corrosion and Fouling Control in Desalination Industry

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A Review of Materials Application Limits in NORSOK M-001 and ISO 21457

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Crevice corrosion

Crevice corrosion

Hydrogen-Induced Stress Cracking of Swaged Super Duplex Stainless Steel Subsea Components

Corrosion in Thermal Desalination Processes: Forms and Mitigation Practices

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