A Review of Microwave Vacuum Devices in China: Theory and Device Development Including High-Power Klystrons, Spaceborne TWTs, and Gyro-TWTs

Luo, Jirun; Feng, Jinjun; Gong, Yubin

doi:10.1109/mmm.2020.3047747

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The EIK has several advantages, such as high output power, narrow linewidth, and tunability, making it suitable for diversified applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The main parameters of the developed EIKs are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

0.22-THz extended interaction klystron based on orthogonal interconnection structure

Wu,

Ren,

et al. 2024

Physics of Plasmas

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This paper presents an extended interaction klystron (EIK) operating at 0.22 THz based on a four-sheet-beam orthogonal interconnection structure (OIS). The proposed OIS comprises four vertically positioned trapezoidal line structures, significantly enhancing the coupling efficiency between cavities and achieving optimal interactions with the TM81 mode. This study investigates the dispersion characteristics and field distribution numerically, while the optimal working parameters and output structure were analyzed using the particle-in-cell (PIC) studio. The parameters of each cavity and the selection of five intermediate cavities were finalized by calculating the beam conductance, external quality factor, and stagger-tuning. The EIK generated a continuous 480 W output power with a four-sheet-beam at 17.5 kV and a current density of 200 A/cm2 from an input drive signal of 20 mW. The gain was approximately 43.8 dB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

0.22-THz extended interaction klystron based on orthogonal interconnection structure

Wu,

Ren,

et al. 2024

Physics of Plasmas

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“…18 Therefore, at high frequencies, EIKs not only have higher gainbandwidth product than the traditional klystrons, but also have a shorter total circuit length than traveling wave tubes. 19 Moreover, the compactness of EIKs further reduces device weight and volume due to lower magnetic field requirements than gyrotrons. While the EIK holds great promise as a highpower source, there are still many challenges to be solved, which mainly share many of the same plasma physics challenges faced by high-power microwave generators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of an overmoded structure for megawatt Ka-band extended interaction klystron

Zu,

Yuan,

et al. 2023

Physics of Plasmas

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For most applications in the millimeter wave band, corresponding to Ka and higher-frequency bands, relatively high atmospheric absorption necessitates the use of high-power sources. Here, a new approach for projecting an oversized beam tunnel in an overmoded structure by concentrating the axial field is demonstrated to meet the high-frequency and high-power demands of compact devices. Due to the enhanced intense beam loading capability of the interaction circuit, a six-cavity Ka-band extended interaction klystron with a four-coupling-hole disk-loaded structure is designed that can stably obtain high output power. An analysis of optimization tradeoffs from introducing high order modes for allowing the application of more powerful beams to improving high order mode field distribution for enhancing the electron-wave coupling and suppressing mode competition is reported. 3D particle-in-cell simulations show attainable output powers of 1.11 MW at 32.94 GHz with a saturated gain of 57 dB by injecting a 3.3 mm diameter electron beam with a current of 24 A.

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“…18 Therefore, at high frequencies, it not only has a higher gain-bandwidth product than the traditional klystron, but also has a shorter total circuit length than the traveling wave tube (TWT). 19 Moreover, its compactness further reduces device weight and volume due to lower magnetic field requirements than gyrotrons. While the EIK holds great promise as a high-power source, there are still many challenges to be solved, which mainly share many of the Yifan Zu, 1 Xuesong Yuan, 1,a) Xiaotao Xu, 1 Qingyun Chen, 1 Matthew Cole, 2 Yong Yin, 1 Hailong Li, 1 Bin Wang, 1 Lin Meng, 1 and Yang Yan 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Highly Overmoded Structure for Hundred-Kilowatt-Class Ka-Band Extended Interaction Klystron

Zu,

Yuan,

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Electron Devices

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For most of the applications in the millimeter wave band, corresponding to Ka and higher-frequency bands, the relatively high atmospheric absorption necessitates the use of high-power sources. Here, a new approach for projecting an oversized beam tunnel in an overmoded structure by concentrating the axial field is demonstrated to meet the high-frequency and high-power demands of compact devices. Due to the enhanced high-current intense beam loading capability of the interaction circuit, a six-cavity Ka-band extended interaction klystron (EIK) with a four-coupling-hole disk-loaded structure is designed that can stably obtain high output power. An analysis of optimization trade-offs from introducing high order modes for allowing the application of more powerful beams to improving high order modes field distribution for enhancing the electron-wave coupling and suppressing mode competition is reported. 3-D particle in cell (PIC) simulations show that such new design approaches can achieve an output power of 1.11 MW at 32.94 GHz with a saturated gain of 57 dB by injecting a 3.3 mm diameter electron beam with a current of 24 A.

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A Review of Microwave Vacuum Devices in China: Theory and Device Development Including High-Power Klystrons, Spaceborne TWTs, and Gyro-TWTs

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

0.22-THz extended interaction klystron based on orthogonal interconnection structure

0.22-THz extended interaction klystron based on orthogonal interconnection structure

Study of an overmoded structure for megawatt Ka-band extended interaction klystron

A Highly Overmoded Structure for Hundred-Kilowatt-Class Ka-Band Extended Interaction Klystron

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