A Review of National Occupational Standards and the Role of Human Resource Development in their Implementation

Abstract

This review of the literature focuses on an increasingly prevalent global phenomenon known as national occupational standards (NOSs). As the term suggests, NOSs present specific information describing the requirements for individuals’ qualifications to enter and perform successfully in a specific occupation. Many countries rely upon information from NOSs as part of their broader workforce development efforts. In spite of their prevalence, there remain critical questions about their eventual adoption by employers, a situation that HRD researchers could potentially help address based on the unique perspective of the HRD field. This paper seeks to review what is known about NOSs, to discuss the challenges related to their implementation at the organizational and national levels, and finally, to propose how HRD researchers, through their unique perspectives, might contribute to addressing the challenges most commonly encountered when implementing NOSs. It is expected that through this greater awareness, HRD professionals might be able to advance the effective use of this important global phenomenon.

Professional standards and demand in the labor market in the sphere of higher management in Russia

“…Место профессиональных стандартов на рынке труда и процесс устаревания ЗУН ◆ Анализ кейсов [Петерсен, Йепсен, 2015;Спивак, 2017;Дудырев и др., 2019;Tūtlys, Spoettl, 2017;Lester, Koniotaki, Religa, 2018;Chulanova, 2019;Sochneva, Isner, Chervyakov, 2019;Lee, Jacobs, 2020;Azman Shah, Haron, Mahrin, 2021] Трансформация ЗУН и цифровизация экономики ◆ Классификация ◆ Тематическое моделирование ◆ Кластерный анализ [Wowczko, 2015;Föll, Thiesse, 2017;Boselli et al, 2018;De Mauro et al, 2018;Lovaglio et al, 2018;Dubey, Tiwari, 2020;Alekseeva et al, 2021] Спрос на ЗУН в сфере менеджмента ◆ Контент-анализ ◆ Тематическое моделирование ◆ Кластерный анализ [Litecky, Igou, Aken, 2012;Atolagbe, Floyd, 2020;Poba-Nzaou, Uwizeyemungu, Clarke, 2020;Zheng, Wen, Qiang, 2020;Roscher, 2021] Анализ спроса на основе данных об онлайн-вакансиях в России ◆ Классификация ◆ Кластерный анализ [Botov et al, 2019;Belov et al, 2020;Nikolaev, Ryazanov, Botov, 2020;Sozykin et al, 2021] Вестник СПбГУ. Менеджмент.…”

“…Как отмечается, анализируемое несоответствие наблюдается не только в России [Петерсен, Йепсен, 2015;Tūtlys, Spoettl, 2017;Lester, Koniotaki, Religa, 2018;Lee, Jacobs, 2020;Cedefop, 2021;European Centre…, 2021a;2021b;Azman Shah, Haron, Mahrin, 2021]. В данном случае ставятся вопросы о своевременном обновлении образовательных программ в ответ на изменения квалификационных требований к работникам, об улучшении координации между образовательными организациями и профессиональными сообществами для обеспечения согласованности требований к работникам.…”

“…рабатываются общие стандарты классификации профессий и ЗУН [Lee, Jacobs, 2020;Cedefop, 2021;European Centre…, 2021a;2021b]. Наиболее распространенные из них: European Skills, Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO) 1 и International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) 2 .…”

Putting the individual and context back into national human resource development research: A systematic review and research agenda

“…Its prominence has also risen on the agendas of governments and international development agencies, and there is a broad consensus that NHRD is critical for the achievement of economic and social development outcomes (Byrd, 2018; Rana et al., 2017; Zarestky & Collins, 2017). In an era of globalization, human capital development, competitiveness and sustainability, critical questions about the evolving role of NHRD arise (Lee & Jacobs, 2021). Scholars have raised questions about the extent to which NHRD contributes to country competitiveness (Oh et al., 2013), the role that NHRD plays in the development of global sustainability (Ghosh, 2019) and the antecedents of NHRD outcomes (Oh et al., 2017).…”