A review of natural geological hazards in Oman

Al-Kindi, Mohammed; Hird, Robert

doi:10.1007/s12665-020-09124-x

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“… 37 Some of the caves collapsed and became large sinkholes, as for example the Tawi Attair sinkhole or the Teyq sinkhole. 38 Other evidences of karst are the (mainly) seasonal springs at the foot of the mountains and submarine karst features. 39 , 40 The study area is part of the small fraction of the Arabian Peninsula that receives regular rain from the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) which occurs between June and September and brings about 50 mm (coastal plain) to 220 mm (Dhofar Mountains) of precipitation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Large-Scale Radon Mapping and Buoyant Plume Modeling Quantify Deep Submarine Groundwater Discharge: A Novel Approach Based on a Self-Sufficient Open Ocean Vehicle

Müller

Gros

Leibold

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Groundwater discharge into the sea occurs along many coastlines around the world in different geological settings and constitutes an important component of global water and matter budget. Estimates of how much water flows into the sea worldwide vary widely and are largely based on onshore studies and hydrological or hydrogeological modeling. In this study, we propose an approach to quantify a deep submarine groundwater outflow from the seafloor by using autonomously measured ocean surface data, i.e., 222Rn as groundwater tracer, in combination with numerical modeling of plume transport. The model and field data suggest that groundwater outflows from a water depth of ∼100 m can reach the sea surface implying that several cubic meters per second of freshwater are discharged into the sea. We postulate an extreme rainfall event 6 months earlier as the likely trigger for the groundwater discharge. This study shows that measurements at the sea surface, which are much easier to conduct than discharge measurements at the seafloor, can be used not only to localize submarine groundwater discharges but, in combination with plume modeling, also to estimate the magnitude of the release flow rate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Large-Scale Radon Mapping and Buoyant Plume Modeling Quantify Deep Submarine Groundwater Discharge: A Novel Approach Based on a Self-Sufficient Open Ocean Vehicle

Müller

Gros

Leibold

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Karst is a distinctive geomorphological feature that indicates dissolution of underlying rocks by carbonic acid present in surface or groundwater with high CO2 and O2 content to produce a network of enlarged joints and cavities through which the water then preferentially flows [38]. The slope face in Fig.…”

Section: H Karst Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long-term stability of quarry slopes postclosure is also affected by the presence of voids/cavities in the rock mass. When cavities and voids get enlarged over time to the extent of allowing some access they are called caves [38]. Karst caves at Vipingo Quarry are naturally created when rainwater dissolves the limestone as it percolates to the ground.…”

Section: Voids and Cavitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karst-Induced Geoharzards in Kenya’s Coastal Region: A Case Study of Vipingo Coral Limestone Quarry

Onyango

Moses

2021

EJGEO

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As the human population grows, the demand for space to settle and infrastructure development puts a strain on land resources hence people move to occupy areas of difficult terrain such as mountainous regions and karst environments. The trends in anthropogenic activities mean that there will be increased human interaction with the perilous terrain and consequently geohazards associated with them. Studies on geohazards in Kenya have focused mostly on landslides in mountainous regions but not much has been reported on geohazards that are common in areas of carbonate rocks such as coral limestone. Vipingo coral limestone quarry, a coastal quarry, is taken as a case study as a number of hazardous situations have been encountered during mining. This paper outlines the karst features, their formation processes in the coralline limestone rock mass, and the resultant geohazards. Field visits made to the quarry complemented with previous exploration reports enabled the collection of field data on rock mass characteristics, karst features, and potential hazardous sites were mapped out. Karstification is evident in traces of pores and fissures filled with soil in the upper layers of the rock. Cavities, voids, and caves occur randomly in the rock mass and are the genesis of incidents such as bench collapse, sagging of overlying rock slaps leading to sinkholes. The rock mass is weak and prone to slope failures. Suggestions have been fronted for geohazard mitigation and further research work for the scientific community. Thus, this work constitutes an important knowledge base for infrastructure development and any other quarries around the area, and for those who are settled around this karst environment in order to preempt geo-accidents.

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Recent Advances in Water Quality, Soil Pollution, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Carbon Neutrality: Seeking Environmental Sustainability

Elumalai

2023

Environmental Earth Sciences

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A review of natural geological hazards in Oman

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Autonomous Large-Scale Radon Mapping and Buoyant Plume Modeling Quantify Deep Submarine Groundwater Discharge: A Novel Approach Based on a Self-Sufficient Open Ocean Vehicle

Autonomous Large-Scale Radon Mapping and Buoyant Plume Modeling Quantify Deep Submarine Groundwater Discharge: A Novel Approach Based on a Self-Sufficient Open Ocean Vehicle

Karst-Induced Geoharzards in Kenya’s Coastal Region: A Case Study of Vipingo Coral Limestone Quarry

Recent Advances in Water Quality, Soil Pollution, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Carbon Neutrality: Seeking Environmental Sustainability

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