A Review of Neuroimaging Studies on Working Memory Paradigms in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Beshkov, Asen; Topolov, M.; Ahmed-Popova, Feryhan; Sivkov, Stefan

doi:10.2174/1568026619666181130135703

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The importance of the ACC has been highlighted in studies of adult and youth with BD (Hibar et al., 2018 ; Phillips & Swartz, 2014 ; Toma, Islam, et al, 2019 ). Other regions identified in significant voxel‐wise clusters, including the rostral middle frontal gyrus, vlPFC, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), are involved in emotion regulation, working memory, decision‐making, impulsivity, and reward function—all domains known to be impaired in BD (Beshkovet al., 2018 ; Chau et al., 2018 ; Lima et al., 2018 ; Rolls, 2019 ). Cortical thinning and volumetric reductions are well‐documented in these regions in both adolescent and adult BD (Hibar et al., 2018 ; Niu et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder

et al. 2021

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Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without bipolar disorder (BD). Methods One hundred and three adolescents (n = 51 BD, n = 52 healthy control [HC]) completed retinal fundus imaging, yielding arteriolar and venular diameters, followed by T1‐weighted 3‐Tesla MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and hippocampus, complemented by vertex‐wise analyses. Linear regression assessed the association between retinal measures and brain structure, adjusting for covariates including age, sex, BMI, and intracranial volume (ICV). Results In the overall sample, arteriolar caliber was negatively associated with ACC volume (β = −0.20, puncorrected = .046) and surface area (β = −0.19, puncorrected = .049). There were no other significant ROI findings. Vertex‐wise analyses detected several significant positive bilateral associations of arteriovenous ratio (AVR) with volume and surface area in regions including rostral middle frontal gyrus (left p = .001; right p = .006), isthmus cingulate cortex (left and right p < .001), and left precuneus (p < .001). Significant negative associations were also observed for AVR (p = .03) and arteriolar caliber (p = .01), including a cluster encompassing the left rostral middle frontal gyrus and orbitofrontal cortical thickness. In the sole retinal‐by‐diagnosis interaction, greater AVR was more strongly associated with lower volume in the left middle temporal and fusiform gyri in BD versus HC (p = .004). Conclusion This study provides evidence that vascular‐brain associations are already evident in adolescence, suggesting that optimizing cardiovascular health may benefit the brain. This may be particularly relevant in BD and other brain disorders. Future research focusing on subpopulations where vascular‐brain associations may be especially strong, for whom vascular‐related interventions may be most indicated, is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder

et al. 2021

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“…It is considered that left supramarginal gyrus plays a key role of the short-term memory network, preserving an abstract representation of information from serial orders, regardless of content information (19)(20)(21). As functional magnetic resonance imaging has become an important and reliable tool for investigation of brain anatomy and its function in health and disease, it becomes clear that further research of neurobiological basis of cognitive and memory domains can clarify different diagnostic prototypes and thus explain the human brain impairments in neuropsychological patients, since these are characterized by various cognitive dysfunctions (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An fMRI Study of Adult Brain Cortical Activation Following Intensive Learning

et al. 2020

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Functional imaging techniques, fMRI in particular, has given the possibility to investigate non-invasively the cognitive processes in healthy populations and different disorders concerning neuro-psychiatry, thus unfolding the concepts guiding diagnosis and patient management. Different brain structures seem to support different types of cognitive functions in particular learning and memory thus the neurobiological explanation of the retrieval of information is associated with knowledge of brain plasticity, memory circuits, synaptic neurotransmission and the modulation of glial cells. Consistent with fMRI investigations of memory systems we tested the dependability of a memory paradigm using heterogeneous memory stimuli in order to find the neurobiological basis that correlates with memory task performance. Our study resulted with statistical significant differences in brain activations across the block design contrasts in both occipital and temporal regions in 29 mentally healthy students during a memory paradigm performance after intensive learning. As functional magnetic resonance imaging has become an important and reliable tool for investigation of brain anatomy and its function in health and disease, it becomes clear that further research of neurobiological basis of cognitive and memory domains can clarify different diagnostic prototypes and thus explain the human brain impairments in neuropsychological patients, since these are characterized by various cognitive dysfunctions.

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“… 78 However, abnormalities in these brain regions may lead to working memory deficits in patients with bipolar disorder. 79 Both cross-sectional 7 and longitudinal studies 80 showed that patients in acute mood states exhibited reduced activation in the dlPFC and parietal lobe and failed deactivation in the mPFC, while patients in euthymic states exhibited normalisation of the dlPFC and parietal lobe and failed normalisation of mPFC. 80 This evidence indicates that reduced dlPFC and parietal lobe activation may serve as a state characteristic and failure of mPFC deactivation as a trait marker of bipolar disorder.…”

Section: Functional Neuroimaging Studies Comparing Individuals With B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in functional MRI research in bipolar disorder: from the perspective of mood states

Wu,

Su,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Gen Psych

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Bipolar disorder is characterised by recurrent and alternating episodes of mania/hypomania and depression. Current breakthroughs in functional MRI techniques have uncovered the functional neuroanatomy of bipolar disorder. However, the pathophysiology underlying mood instability, mood switching and the development of extreme mood states is less well understood. This review presents a comprehensive overview of current evidence from functional MRI studies from the perspective of mood states. We first summarise the disrupted brain activation patterns and functional connectivity that have been reported in bipolar disorder, irrespective of the mood state. We next focus on research that solely included patients in a single mood state for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and research comparing patients with different mood states to dissect mood state-related effects. Finally, we briefly summarise current theoretical models and conclude this review by proposing potential avenues for future research. A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology with consideration of mood states could not only deepen our understanding of how acute mood episodes develop at a neurophysiological level but could also facilitate the identification of biological targets for personalised treatment and the development of new interventions for bipolar disorder.

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A Review of Neuroimaging Studies on Working Memory Paradigms in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder

Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder

An fMRI Study of Adult Brain Cortical Activation Following Intensive Learning

Advances in functional MRI research in bipolar disorder: from the perspective of mood states

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