A review of Palaeoeskimo dwelling structures in Newfoundland and Labrador

Renouf, M. A. P.

doi:10.7202/010809ar

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Based on current data, the Late Dorset occupation of northwest Greenland almost certainly lasted until at least the end of the thirteenth century (Appelt and Gulløv 1999, 2009; Darwent and Foin 2010; Darwent et al 2007), potentially overlapping with the early Ruin Island phase of Thule occupations in that region (McCullough 1989). The central High Arctic (LeMoine et al 2003), Somerset Island (Damkjar 2000), western Victoria Island (Savelle et al 2012), Foxe Basin (Savelle and Dyke 2014), and northern Labrador (Desrosiers 2017; Renouf 2003) have also produced isolated dates that may point to Late Dorset populations persisting into the thirteenth century or later. The situation in Nunavik (northern Quebec) is currently unresolved, but it is also a good candidate for Late Dorset occupations with the potential for overlap with Thule (Labrèche 2015; Pinard and Gendron 2009; Plumet 1979, 1989), particularly given a new genetic analysis that may indicate some gene flow between Paleo-Inuit and Inuit in the region (Zhou et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic

Friesen

2019

Am. Antiq.

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One of the most persistent debates in the archaeology of the North American Arctic relates to thirteenth-century AD population distributions and movements. Around this time, the final culture of the long-lived Paleo-Inuit tradition, known as Late Dorset, was replaced by Thule Inuit, who migrated from Alaska to the Eastern Arctic. Due to the almost complete lack of evidence for direct interaction between Dorset and Thule, there are currently two contrasting models for this transitional period. The first proposes a temporal hiatus between Late Dorset and Thule during which the Eastern Arctic was unoccupied. The second proposes that Late Dorset persisted to at least the late thirteenth century and still occupied some regions of the Eastern Arctic when Thule arrived. Resolution of this question depends largely on radiocarbon dates, particularly for the poorly understood Late Dorset period. This article presents 56 new AMS radiocarbon dates from three Late Dorset sites in the Iqaluktuuq region of southeastern Victoria Island in the Central Arctic. They resolve a significant part of the debate by confirming that Dorset settlement continued in this region later than AD 1300, thus overlapping with Thule settlement in adjacent regions for decades, and perhaps as much as a century.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic

Friesen

2019

Am. Antiq.

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“…Both groups then inhabited the exact same cold subarctic environment. The difference is that the Dorset had a specialized and seasonal harp seal subsistence economy, and were semi-sedentary as a result (Renouf, 2003), while the ancestral Beothuk were mobile generalists (Holly, 2005;Schwarz, 1994). Indeed, sedentism in itself-especially the expectation of it-is a good predictor of investment in domestic architecture (see Binford, 1990: 123-124;Kelly, 1983;Kelly et al, 2005;Kent, 1992;McGuire and Schiffer, 1983), and probably best accounts for the development of Beothuk housepits in the post-contact era (Reader, 1998: 62-63).…”

Section: Hunkering Down: Housesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling up and hunkering down: The evolution of Beothuk houses and households

Holly,

Erwin,

Wolff

et al. 2023

North American Archaeologist

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We examine two concurrent trends in the later history of the Beothuk: changes to domestic architecture and household composition, and the narrowing of sharing obligations. The former is evident in the emergence and growth of pithouses and households, and the latter, in the partitioning of resources and the elaboration of food storage strategies. Both occur as European settlement and hostilities intensify and the Beothuk are denied access to coastal resources. These shifts may be reflective of social strategies aimed at incorporating extended family members and others from shattered homes, as well as cultural adjustments to increased sedentism and structural changes in the subsistence economy. These developments illustrate how hunter-gatherer domestic architecture can track with changes to the social environment.

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Down the Labrador: Ramah Chert Use at Phillip’s Garden, Port au Choix

Anstey

Renouf²

2011

The Cultural Landscapes of Port Au Choix

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A review of Palaeoeskimo dwelling structures in Newfoundland and Labrador

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic

Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic

Scaling up and hunkering down: The evolution of Beothuk houses and households

Down the Labrador: Ramah Chert Use at Phillip’s Garden, Port au Choix

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