A Review of Peptide Nucleic Acid

The growing threat posed by antimicrobial resistance on the healthcare and economic well‐being of mankind is pushing the need to develop novel and improved diagnostic platforms for its rapid detection at point of care, facilitating better patient management strategies during antibiotic therapy. In this paper, we present the manufacturing and characterisation of a low‐cost carbon screen‐printed electrochemical sensor on a ceramic substrate. Using label‐free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the sensor is demonstrated for the detection of blaNDM, which is one of the main antimicrobial resistance factors in carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The electrochemical performance of the newly fabricated sensor was initially investigated in relation to the function of its underlying composite materials, evaluating the choice of carbon and dielectric pastes by characterising properties like surface roughness, wetting and susceptibility of unspecific DNA binding. Subsequently, the sensor was used in an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy assay for the sensitive and specific detection of synthetic blaNDM targets achieving a detection limit of 200 nM. The sensor properties and performance demonstrated in this study proved the suitability of the new electrode materials and manufacturing for further point‐of‐care test development as an inexpensive and effective alternative to gold electrodes sensor.

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“…PNA is chemically stable and is resistant to hydrolytic cleavage by nucleases or proteases. (Siddiquee et al, )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon screen‐printed electrodes on ceramic substrates for label‐free molecular detection of antibiotic resistance

Obaje

Cummins

Schulze

et al. 2016

J of Interdiscip Nanomed

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“…To overcome these problems, new synthetic methodologies and development of various derivatives have been proposed. Most of these derivatives were designed to increase complementary binding capacity and cell permeability by introducing a new functional group into the peptide backbone or modifying DNA bases . Recently Israel researchers have found that a PNA dimer forms a specific quaternary structure by self‐replication of bases at a specific pH and exhibits a unique fluorescence property, which can be used as an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) device.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Peptide Nucleic Acid Dimer Containing Modified Cytosine

Lee

Yoon

Chun

2017

Bulletin Korean Chem Soc

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“…PNA is neither a nucleic acid nor a protein and it can withstand both nucleases and proteases; so has become a potential biomolecular tool with a superior lifetime for in vivo and in vitro applications such as, molecular diagnostics and antisense therapeutics (Janson and During, 2006). Although many researchers have reviewed the PNA chemistry, (Siddiquee et al, 2015;Veldhoen et al, 2008) their modifications (Rozners, 2012;Sugiyama and Kittaka, 2013;Moccia et al, 2016), properties (Järver et al, 2012) and perspectives in molecular diagnostics (Shi et al, 2015), but in this review we are focusing on various properties of PNA along with special emphasis on its biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide nucleic acids: Advanced tools for biomedical applications

Gupta

Mishra

Puri³

2017

Journal of Biotechnology

143

120

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Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are the DNA/RNA analogues in which sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by N-2-aminoethylglycine repeating units. PNA contains neutral backbone hence due to the absence of electrostatic repulsion, its hybridization shows remarkable stability towards complementary oligonucleotides. PNAs are highly resistant to cleavage by chemicals and enzymes due to the substrate specific nature of enzymes and therefore not degraded inside the cells. PNAs are emerging as new tools in the market due to their applications in antisense and antigene therapies by inhibiting translation and transcription respectively. Hence, several methods based on PNAs have been developed for designing various anticancer and antigene drugs, detection of mutations or modulation of PCR reactions. The duplex homopurine sequence of DNA may also be recognized by PNA, forming firm PNA/DNA/PNA triplex through strand invasion with a looped-out DNA strand. PNAs have also been found to replace DNA probes in varied investigative purposes. There are several disadvantages regarding cellular uptake of PNA, so modifications in PNA backbone or covalent coupling with cell penetrating peptides is necessary to improve its delivery inside the cells. In this review, hybridization properties along with potential applications of PNA in the field of diagnostics and pharmaceuticals are elaborated.

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A Review of Peptide Nucleic Acid

Cited by 32 publications

References 86 publications

Carbon screen‐printed electrodes on ceramic substrates for label‐free molecular detection of antibiotic resistance

Carbon screen‐printed electrodes on ceramic substrates for label‐free molecular detection of antibiotic resistance

Synthesis of Peptide Nucleic Acid Dimer Containing Modified Cytosine

Peptide nucleic acids: Advanced tools for biomedical applications

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