A Review of Permeable Pavement Clogging Investigations and Recommended Maintenance Regimes

Abstract

Understanding clogging mechanisms in permeable pavements can help optimize the required maintenance regime. In this review paper, methods for investigating clogging mechanisms are described. These include surface infiltration methods, the use of embedded sensors, and the development of modelling tools. Previously conducted surface infiltration tests indicate the importance of the age of a permeable pavement system and also local climatic conditions, including rainfall intensity. The results indicate that porous concrete generally has the highest infiltration capacity and this is followed by permeable interlocking concrete pavement and then porous asphalt. The measured infiltration rates decreased significantly even within two years of installation. There was an indirect relationship between surface infiltration rates and the age of the pavements. It was also found that the rainfall characteristics are important in selecting the type of pavement. Sensor technologies have been used mainly in the United States and there has been a reluctance to use such technologies in other parts of the world. Few studies have been conducted into modelling the changing performance of permeable pavement systems over time and there is a need to develop more general models. Various methods and machinery have been developed for cleaning and maintaining permeable pavements and there is no universally preferred approach currently available. Indeed, several of the commonly used maintenance methods have been shown to be relatively ineffective.

Rainfall Runoff Mitigation by Retrofitted Permeable Pavement in an Urban Area

“…Few studies also have discussed the material's effects on the efficiency of permeable pavements in controlling runoff quantity and quality at the small scale [23]. In real world applications, clogging of the pavement system is one the serious issue which needs to be investigated further for coming years [24]. In this way, we can develop a sustainable design for permeable pavements that can solve urban water related problems in the future.…”

Standard of Crushing Value of Coarse Aggregates for Permeable Asphalt Mixture Based on Contact Stress between Aggregates

“…In current Chinese technical specification, the crushing value of the coarse aggregate for surface layer of asphalt pavement is no greater than 26% [1]. So, the crushing value standard of basalt coarse aggregate used in PA mixture should be increased to not more than 26%/1.48 � 17.6%.…”

“…e crushing of coarse aggregate in PA mixture is caused by the excessive contact pressure between aggregates, so the coarse aggregates are more easily crushed by vehicle load. So, the crushing value of coarse aggregate is very important for the durability of PA mixture [1][2][3].…”

WinSLAMM Simulation of Hydrologic Performance of Permeable Pavements—A Case Study in the Semi-Arid Lower Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, United States

“…One interesting study observed the influence of drainage area and rainfall (1 mm clogging for each 6 mm of rainfall depth) on the progression of surface clogging [33]. A previously developed regression model from a laboratory investigation was able to assess physical clogging in permeable pavements, which estimated the clogging activity as a function of runoff volume and flow rate [34,35]. Another study developed an artificial neural network for prediction clogging, which concluded that certain factors, such as peak rainfall intensities over 5 min, and both previous and cumulative rainfall magnitude, are highly influential in forecasting the hydrologic performance of permeable pavements [35,36].…”

“…A previously developed regression model from a laboratory investigation was able to assess physical clogging in permeable pavements, which estimated the clogging activity as a function of runoff volume and flow rate [34,35]. Another study developed an artificial neural network for prediction clogging, which concluded that certain factors, such as peak rainfall intensities over 5 min, and both previous and cumulative rainfall magnitude, are highly influential in forecasting the hydrologic performance of permeable pavements [35,36]. However, most models are not complete enough to factor in the complexities of maintenance activities, such as street sweeping or vacuuming, on the performance of permeable pavements [37].…”