A review of photocrosslinked polyanhydrides:

Burkoth, Amy K.; Anseth, Kristi S.

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00107-1

Cited by 172 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…More specifically, in situ forming hydrogels can provide a means for simple, "custom-made" therapeutics and diagnostics. A polymer solution can be prepared and allowed to gel in situ, after photopolymerization [4,5], chemical crosslinking [6,7], ionic crosslinking [8] or in response to an environmental stimulus such as temperature, pH or ionic strength of the surrounding medium [9,10]. Hydrogels that respond to temperature change are the subject of this review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive hydrogels in biomedical applications

Klouda

Mikos

2008

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

1,134

696

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Environmentally responsive hydrogels have the ability to turn from solution to gel when a specific stimulus is applied. Thermoresponsive hydrogels utilize temperature change as the trigger that determines their gelling behavior without any additional external factor. These hydrogels have been interesting for biomedical uses as they can swell in situ under physiological conditions and provide the advantage of convenient administration. The scope of this paper is to review the aqueous polymer solutions that exhibit transition to gel upon temperature change. Typically, aqueous solutions of hydrogels used in biomedical applications are liquid at ambient temperature and gel at physiological temperature. The review focuses mainly on hydrogels based on natural polymers, N-isopropylacrylamide polymers, poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-bpoly(ethylene oxide) polymers as well as poly(ethylene glycol)-biodegradable polyester copolymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive hydrogels in biomedical applications

Klouda

Mikos

2008

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

1,134

696

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“…The degradation rate of polyanhydrides has been shown to be largely controlled by the polymer backbone structure. Since the mechanical properties of polyanhydrides are generally modest, co-polymers and crosslinked polyanhydrides have been developed for bone tissue engineering applications (26,50). Polyanhydrides have also been used clinically as drug delivery materials (26,51,52).…”

Section: Polyanhydridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Cyclic Acetal Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications

2008

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Abstract. At an ever increasing pace, synthetic biomaterials are being developed with specific functionalities for tissue engineering applications. These biomaterials possess properties including biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and degradation as well as functionalities such as specific cell adhesion and directed cell migration. However, synthetic polymers are often not completely biologically inert and may non-specifically react with the surrounding in vivo environment. An example of this reactivity is the release of acidic degradation products from hydrolytically degradable polymers based upon an ester moiety. In order to address this concern, a novel class of biomaterials based upon a cyclic acetal unit has been developed. Scaffolds suitable for the replacement of both hard and soft tissues have been successfully fabricated from cyclic acetals and a detailed characterization of scaffold properties has been performed. Cyclic acetal based biomaterials have also been used to repair bone defects and promote bone growth, displaying a minimal inflammatory response. This review will discuss the most recent research of current biomaterials and cyclic acetals, and particularly focus on the tissue engineering applications of these materials. Finally, this review will also briefly discuss polyacetals and polyketals for drug delivery applications.

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“…13 Knowledge of the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of AIPC is important not only for its use as a thermal sensitizer but also for its potential use in thermal polymerization reactions that involve tissues or cells. 14,15 Krishna and coworkers 9 studied the thermal sensitization properties of AAPH in vitro. This compound was evaluated qualitatively at 2 temperatures using a cell line.…”

Section: In Vivo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-killing potential of a water-soluble radical initiator

Crumpler

Langer

2001

Int. J. Cancer

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The diazo compound, 2,2 -azobis [2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (AIPC), is a water-soluble radical initiator that can be activated at mild temperatures (37°-40°C). Potential biomedical applications of this compound include the fabrication of hydrogels by radical polymerization (e.g., cell encapsulation or drug delivery) and the thermal sensitization of cancerous cells to induce localized cell death. In this study we evaluated whether this compound could induce cell death at 37°C in vitro and in vivo using a tumor animal model. Cytotoxicity was quantitated with a sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay by monitoring growth inhibition of human glioma cells in vitro. AIPC was entrapped in fibrin gel and exposed to cells in culture as a potential way to localize the compound in a controlled release environment. The mechanism of action for cell death was evaluated by quantitating caspase-3 activity in cells. In vivo studies included human glioma tumors that were grown subcutaneously in rats to study the effect of intra-tumor injections of AIPC. AIPC was also injected subcutaneously into normal tissue. Concentrations of 0.2% and 0.02% (w/v in RPMI medium) showed 93% and 84% inhibition of cell growth in vitro, respectively. Cell-growth inhibition using gel-entrapped AIPC was comparable to that obtained with AIPC in solution after 48 hr (86% inhibition at 0.2% w/v). Exposure to AIPC resulted in a significant increase of caspase activity (up to 163 units after 20 min), suggesting induced apoptosis as a possible mechanism of action of the AIPC. Histological pictures showed that, relative to normal tissue, cancerous tissue was more sensitive to the effects of AIPC.

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A review of photocrosslinked polyanhydrides:

Cited by 172 publications

References 22 publications

Thermoresponsive hydrogels in biomedical applications

Thermoresponsive hydrogels in biomedical applications

Recent Developments in Cyclic Acetal Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications

Cell-killing potential of a water-soluble radical initiator

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