A Review of Public Policies relating to the Use of Environmental Labelling and Information Schemes (ELIS)

Klintman, Mikaël

doi:10.1787/5jm0p34bk7hb-en

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These characteristics, or material attributes, are often expected to convey reduced environmental impacts relative to other options without that same attribute. Material attributes are used as a shorthand to indicate environmental benefits due to their relative ease to incorporate as design criteria for products and packaging, as part of government sustainability guidelines, and their simplicity to communicate through marketing to consumers . However, little research has been conducted to verify whether these assumptions hold true.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Material attributes are used as a shorthand to indicate environmental benefits due to their relative ease to incorporate as design criteria for products and packaging, as part of government sustainability guidelines, and their simplicity to communicate through marketing to consumers. 5 However, little research has been conducted to verify whether these assumptions hold true. Do material attributes accurately predict lower impacts across the entire packaging life cycle?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Significance of Environmental Attributes as Indicators of the Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Packaging and Food Service Ware

Vendries

Sauer

Hawkins

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The environmental impacts of packaging and food service ware (FSW) are increasingly the subject of government policy, public discourse, and industry commitments. While some consideration is given to reducing the impacts of packaging across its entire life cycle, most of the focus is on packaging waste or feedstock substitution. Efforts typically focus on specific packaging characteristics, or material attributes, commonly perceived to be environmentally preferable. This article summarizes an extensive meta-review of existing published literature that was performed to determine whether the material attributes recyclability, recycled content, compostability, and biobased, commonly considered to be environmentally beneficial, correlate with lower net environmental impacts across the full life cycle of the packaging and FSW. Seventy-one unique life cycle assessment (LCA) studies that quantify the environmental impacts throughout the entire life cycle of packaging and FSW were analyzed. These studies included over 5000 comparisons for 13 impact categories commonly analyzed in LCA studies. The results from the meta-review identified a number of instances where material attributes do not correlate with environmental benefits for packaging and FSW. Rather, other characteristics such as material choice or mass of the packaging/FSW products can have higher influence in determining life cycle impacts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Environmental Attributes as Indicators of the Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Packaging and Food Service Ware

Vendries

Sauer

Hawkins

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Repair exports tend to flow from countries with relatively high environmental standards to those that have relatively low environmental policy stringency (Kellenberg, 2012[18]). Many of these destinations have serious problems related to illegal waste trade and the informal waste management sector, which frequently involves substandard processing techniques such as open burning and chemical leaching that result in severe health and environmental effects (OECD, 2016 [19]; Shinkuma and Managi, 2011[20]; Huisman et al, 2015[21]). 9 Focussing on plastics, OECD (2022 [22]) finds that of the 353 Mt of plastic waste generated worldwide in 2019, 22% (78 Mt) was not adequately managed, 10 and 6% (22 Mt) leaked into the environment.…”

Section: Ecodesign Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Securing reverse supply chains for a resource efficient and circular economy

2022

OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers

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Securing reverse supply chains for a resource efficient and circular economy Shunta YamaguchiCircular economy business models often rely on reverse supply chains and reverse logistics to close material loops, such as recycling waste and scrap into secondary raw materials, and extending product life by promoting direct reuse, repair, refurbishment and remanufacturing. Such activities can extend beyond borders and require the transboundary movement of end-of-life products to enable economies of scale. At the same time, recent developments in trade in waste and scrap have mainly focused on increasing transboundary controls, such as the import bans for certain categories of waste and scrap introduced in China, and the plastics and e-waste amendments to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.In this context, this report explores the opportunities and challenges for governments to facilitate crossborder reverse supply chains for a resource efficient and circular economy. It mainly focuses on the role of trade facilitation mechanisms and standards, and provides potential ways forward in utilising them to improve and strengthen cross-border reverse supply chains. The report also investigates other relevant policy responses such as addressing trade restrictions, combatting illegal waste trade, and introducing upstream policies such as eco-design initiatives that may work to support cross-border reverse supply chains.

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“…An example were white goods or air conditioning units between 1990 and 2010. During this period, these product groups underwent substantial efficiency improvements (Kim, Keoleian and Horie, 2006 [85]).…”

Section: Figure 52 Repair and Reuse Can Lead To An Environmental Gains But It Depends On Environmental Impacts Of Production (E) And Use mentioning

confidence: 99%

Labelling and Information Schemes for the Circular Economy

Laubinger

Börkey

2021

OECD Environment Working Papers

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A Review of Public Policies relating to the Use of Environmental Labelling and Information Schemes (ELIS)

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The Significance of Environmental Attributes as Indicators of the Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Packaging and Food Service Ware

The Significance of Environmental Attributes as Indicators of the Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Packaging and Food Service Ware

Securing reverse supply chains for a resource efficient and circular economy

Labelling and Information Schemes for the Circular Economy

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