A Review of Recent Advances in Pyrometallurgical Process Measurement and Modeling, and Their Applications to Process Improvement

Laputka, Mark; Xie, Weiguo

doi:10.1007/s42461-021-00386-y

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1 However, most of these metals have limited availability. 2 Furthermore, current metal mining mainly relies on pyrometallurgical processes with high energy consumption from fossil fuels, 3 which indicates that increased metal production would increase carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Innovation in metal extraction that is economically feasible and eco-friendly is expected to address this issue.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids Curated by Machine Learning for Metal Extraction

Fajar

Hartono

Moshikur

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metals are key components of modern devices; however, available resources of these metals are limited. In this study, we used machine learning (ML) to curate ionic liquids (ILs) that are suitable for metal extraction. We proposed classification and regression models to unravel hidden patterns between IL structures and their specific properties, i.e., metal selectivity and eco-toxicity. Evaluations of ML models using cross-validation indicate that the models were reliable, as described by the accuracy score (0.82) and R 2 value (0.76). The models also revealed that the metal selectivity of ILs was determined by the cation and anion structures, and the eco-toxicity level was primarily affected by the cation structures. Guided by predictions from the trained models, we selected three ILs (out of the 150 IL structures we initially proposed) that have extraction selectivity toward platinum, lithium, and neodymium as well as low eco-toxicity. We then prepared the ILs in the laboratory and assessed their performance by standard solvent extraction. The experiments indicate that the recommended ILs from ML could selectively extract the targeted metals with high extraction efficiency (>80%), which demonstrates the feasibility of ML as a promising toolkit that can help accelerate innovations in metal extraction.

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids Curated by Machine Learning for Metal Extraction

Fajar

Hartono

Moshikur

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 2. The advantages and limitations of each technology used for recycling NdFeB permanent magnets [26,46,[64][65][66].…”

Section: Hydrometallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Rare Earth Element Recycling and Reuse from End-of-Life Permanent Magnets

Cherkezova-Zheleva,

Burada,

Sobetkii (Slobozeanu)

et al. 2024

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rare earth elements (REEs) are key materials for the development of renewable energy devices such as high-power magnets for wind turbines, electric vehicles, or fuel cells for hydrogen generation, aiming to fulfill the objectives of the European Green Deal for a carbon-neutral economy. The increased demand for REEs and their criticality strongly require the improvement of their extraction technologies from primary resources and the enhancement of their circularity reuse rate from secondary resources. The aim of this paper is to focus attention on the possibilities offered by emerging methods such as microwave (MW) treatment and mechanochemistry in waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) processing and the reuse of end-of-life (EoL) magnets, directed toward the tailoring of rational REE material flows. The discussed investigation examples explore some key features of conventional and new methods for efficient, environmentally friendly, and scalable REE extraction and reuse, with the final goal of producing recycled NdFeB powders, with potential use in the redesign and fabrication of new REE-based magnets.

show abstract

“…Often, a combination of these techniques is used. Numerical modeling has proven to be an important tool, helping achieve improvements in furnace design and operation alongside the advances in experimental data acquisition [9]. However, the challenging environments in pyrometallurgical furnaces limit the scope of further furnace instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%