A Review of Recent Developments and Advanced Applications of High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells

Abstract

This review summarizes the current status, operating principles, and recent advances in high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes (HT-PEMs), with a particular focus on the recent developments, technical challenges, and commercial prospects of the HT-PEM fuel cells. A detailed review of the most recent research activities has been covered by this work, with a major focus on the state-of-the-art concepts describing the proton conductivity and degradation mechanisms of HT-PEMs. In addition, the fuel cell performance and the lifetime of HT-PEM fuel cells as a function of operating conditions have been discussed. In addition, the review highlights the important outcomes found in the recent literature about the HT-PEM fuel cell. The main objectives of this review paper are as follows: (1) the latest development of the HT-PEMs, primarily based on polybenzimidazole membranes and (2) the latest development of the fuel cell performance and the lifetime of the HT-PEMs.

Biopolymer-based electrospun fibers in electrochemical devices: versatile platform for energy, environment, and health monitoring

“…In recent decades, many researchers have dedicated their attempts to develop fuel cells as an alternative renewable, environmentally friendly energy source (with an electrical energy conversion efficiency of more than 60% with lower emission than conventional combustion engines). [180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187] By considering some of their notable advantages, including high energy density, cycle stability, desirable thermal and mechanical stability, and high power density, which outperform conventional combustionbased technologies, FCs can act as a bridge between the present and forthcoming energy demand in a sustainable way. [188][189][190][191][192] Owing to higher energy conversion efficiency, FCs can pave the way to find more applications in housing power, electronics, power plants, passenger vehicles, and military applications (see Fig.…”

A State-of-Art on the Development of Nafion-Based Membrane for Performance Improvement in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

“…SBA-15 has been shown to enhance water uptake and resist methanol permeation due to the filler blocking the water channel. Unlike the other silica materials discussed previously, SBA-15 was found to provide additional ionic pathways as the outer surface of SBA-15 was covered by negative charge group Si-OH, which is the active site to uptake protons, allowing all composite membranes to establish a higher proton conductivity than Nafion [ 18 ]. The SBA-15 modified Nafion membrane achieved a maximum of 80% higher power density (117 mW/cm 2 ) than recast Nafion membrane (65 mW/cm 2 ) and commercial Nafion 117 (96 mW/cm 2 ) in DMFC.…”

“…Given the vital significance of PEM in DMFC, discovering and developing suitable PEMs is a critical aspect of DMFC commercialization. To date, numerous review articles [ 1 , 13 , 18 , 19 ] have been published that outline the various types of membranes developed for use in PEMFCs. However, discussions of developing PEM, particularly for DMFC, have not been widely published thus far.…”

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

“…Clean energy systems such as fuel cells [5], batteries [6], solar cells [7], wind power [8], geothermal systems [9], biogas [10,11], thermoelectric materials [12], hydrogen energy [13], etc. can offer environmental, economic, and social advantages over the fossil fuels [14,15]. As the lightest and most efficient fuel with the highest energy density, hydrogen can serve the clean energy systems through multiple roles, either as a standalone fuel, chemical energy carrier, or grid-balancing energy storage medium.…”