“…However, this model is not feasible for our focus of remanufacturing, Chapter 1: Introduction where the parts are typically large, like that found in marine and offshore structures (see Figure 1.1). To disassemble and transport large parts from such structures to an off-site remanufacturing factory is time-consuming, expensive, labour intensive, and potentially dangerous [9,10]. Additionally, some parts are impractical to remove due to physical constraints, requiring excessive structural changes, like the crankshaft crankpin journal in a ship [11,12].…”