A review of sarcocystosis in camels and redescription of Sarcocystis cameli and Sarcocystis ippeni sarcocysts from the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Dubey, J. P.; Hilali, M.; Wilpe, Erna van; Calero‐Bernal, Rafael; Verma, Shiv Kumar; Abbas, Ibrahim

doi:10.1017/s0031182015000852

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…were located. The paraffin block of tongue was deparaffinized and processed for transmission electron microscopy as described (Dubey et al 2015c). All H and E sections from the five calves were reexamined for the present study, including sections from heart, esophagus, and skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcocystis heydorni, n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) with cattle (Bos taurus) and human (Homo sapiens) cycle

et al. 2015

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Cattle (Bos taurus) are intermediate hosts for four species of Sarcocystis, S. cruzi, S. hirsuta, S. hominis, and S. rommeli. Of these four species, mature sarcocysts of S. cruzi are thin-walled (< 1µm) whereas S. hirsuta, S. hominis, and S. rommeli have thick walls (4 µm or more). Here we describe a new species of Sarcocystis with thin-walled sarcocysts in cattle. Two newborn calves were fed sporocysts from the feces of a human volunteer who had ingested raw beef. The calves were killed 111 and 222 days later. In addition to thick-walled sarcocysts of Sarcocystis hominis, both calves were coinfected with a Sarcocystis species that had a thinwalled sarcocysts, distinct from Sarcocystis cruzi. The sarcocysts were mature, microscopic, up to 80 µm wide and up to 1060 µm long. By light microscopy, the sarcocyst wall was thin (< 1 2 µm thick) and had minute protrusions. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall had short, conical villar protrusions (vp), that were up to 0.5 μm long, up to 0.5 μm wide, similar to type 29. The vp on the sarcocyst wall lacked microtubules but had six or more disc-shaped plaques. The ground substance layer was smooth, approximately 0.5 µm thick, and without microtubules. The bradyzoites were 8-11 μm long. The structure of the sarcocyst wall was distinct from any species of Sarcocystis reported from livestock. This unique species is named in honor of Dr. Alfred Otto Heydorn who provided the sporocysts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcocystis heydorni, n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) with cattle (Bos taurus) and human (Homo sapiens) cycle

et al. 2015

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“…Sarcocystis camelicanis , S. camelocanis and S. miescheri were considered invalid. Dogs are the most likely definitive hosts as excretion of Sarcocystis sporocysts in the faeces of dogs fed camel meat was reported in several studies [33]. Recently, the first macroscopic sarcocysts from a one-humped camel were confirmed by Dubey et al [34].…”

Section: Protozoal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic diseases of camels in Iran (1931–2017) – a literature review

Sazmand

Joachim

2017

Parasite

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Parasitic diseases of camels are major causes of impaired milk and meat production, decreases in performance or even death. Some camel parasites also represent a threat to human health. About 171,500 one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) and 100–300 two-humped camels (Camelus bactrianus) live in Iran. Knowledge of the biodiversity of their parasites is still limited. The present review covers all information about camel parasitic diseases in Iran published as dissertations and in both Iranian and international journals from 1931 to February 2017. Ten genera of Protozoa (Trypanosoma, Eimeria, Cryptosporidium, Toxoplasma, Neospora, Sarcocystis, Besnoitia, Theileria, Babesia and Balantidium), 48 helminth species detected in the digestive system, including three species of Trematoda, four species of Cestoda, and 41 species of Nematoda, as well as helminths from other organs – Echinococcus spp., Dictyocaulus filaria, Thelazia leesei, Dipetalonema evansi and Onchocerca fasciata – have so far been described in Iranian camels. Furthermore, 13 species of hard ticks, mange mites, the myiasis flies Cephalopina titillator and Wohlfahrtia magnifica, and immature stages of the Pentastomida Linguatula serrata have also been reported from camels of Iran. Camel parasitic diseases are a major issue in Iran in terms of economics and public health. The present review offers information for an integrated control programme against economically relevant parasites of camels.

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“…The morphology of the primary cyst wall of microcysts is used as the most important criterion to classify Sarcocystis spp. (Abdel-Ghaffar et al 2009; Dubey et al 2015 a , b ). Two distinct types of primary cyst walls have been reported in camels (one with finger-like and other with cone-like villar protrusions).…”

Section: Structure Of Sarcocysts Found In Camelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of camels remains debatable, primarily due to the unavailability of type specimens and inadequate structural descriptions. Dubey et al (2015 b ) reviewed the literature on Sarcocystis spp. infecting camels, and based on their morphological features, proposed that S. cameli and S. ippeni were the only two valid species that affect camels worldwide.…”

Section: Taxonomy Of Sarcocystis Spp In Camelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An update on sarcocystosis in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Saeed

Vaughan²,

Jabbar

2018

Parasitology

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Sarcocystis spp. are intracellular coccidian parasites which infect domestic and wild animals and birds, resulting in considerable economic losses in production animals, and public health concerns worldwide. Sarcocystis spp. have an indirect life cycle where wild and/or domestic canine species primarily serve as definitive hosts and several domestic and wild animals (such as camels) act as intermediate hosts. In Northern Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and China, camel meat is preferred due to cultural and religious traditions as well as its lower cholesterol/fat content than other red meat. However, camel meat quality could be downgraded by the presence of sarcocysts. To date, two Sarcocystis spp. have been reported from camels, including Sarcocystis ippeni (forms microscopic sarcocysts) and Sarcocystis cameli (forms both macroscopic and microscopic sarcocysts). Sarcocystosis is usually asymptomatic, though significant pathogenic effects have also been reported in camels. Despite the high occurrence of sarcocystosis in camels, little is known about various aspects of the disease in these animals. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the existing knowledge on the taxonomy, pathogenesis, epidemiology and diagnosis of Sarcocystis spp. infecting camels and it also highlights areas for further research that could enhance our understanding about sarcocystosis in camels.

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A review of sarcocystosis in camels and redescription of Sarcocystis cameli and Sarcocystis ippeni sarcocysts from the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Sarcocystis heydorni, n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) with cattle (Bos taurus) and human (Homo sapiens) cycle

Sarcocystis heydorni, n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) with cattle (Bos taurus) and human (Homo sapiens) cycle

Parasitic diseases of camels in Iran (1931–2017) – a literature review

An update on sarcocystosis in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius)

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