A Review of Scientific Topics and Literature in Abdominal Radiology in Germany – Part 1: Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

The working group for abdominal and gastrointestinal diagnosis is a group of the German Radiological Society (DRG) focusing clinically and scientifically on the diagnosis and treatment of the gastrointestinal tract with all parenchymatous abdominal organs. In addition to the clinical and scientific further development of abdominal radiology, the education of radiologists within this core discipline of radiology is one of the major aims. In this article we give an up-to-date literature review of scientific radiological topics especially covered by German radiologists. This manuscript focuses on the most recent literature on the diagnosis of the stomach, small bowel, colon and rectum. The review with a focus on the most recent studies published by German radiologists concludes with a synopsis of mesenterial bleeding and ischemia followed by a critical appraisal of the current literature on conventional abdominal radiography. Key Points: ??Based on recent literature and guidelines there is a change of paradigms regarding the diagnosis of esophagus and gastric cancer towards CT, which is considered equally to endosonography. ??For small bowel imaging in Crohn?s disease ultrasound as well as MRI with a new focus on DWI are the most important imaging modalities scientifically. ??For colonic diagnosis virtual colonoscopy has replaced the conventional radiological methods. For staging of rectal carcinoma as well as for therapeutic stratification a high resolution MRI of the pelvis is of paramount interest. ??Multislice CT is considered the most important modality to assess mesenteric ischemia or bleeding. Citation Format: ??Schreyer AG, Wessling J, Kinner S et?al. A Review of Scientific Topics and Literature in Abdominal Radiology in Germany ? Part 1: Gastrointestinal Tract. Fortschr R?ntgenstr 2016; 188: 134???145

Ischämie als Ursache für eine reversible Pneumatosis intestinalis

“…Bei fulminanten Prozessen tritt das Gas bis in die Mesenterialvenen über und gelangt sogar bis in die extra-und intrahepatische Pfortader und verursacht das Vollbild porto-mesenterico-venösen Gases (PMVG). Obwohl reversible Fälle beschrieben sind gilt das gemeinsame Auftreten von PI und PMVG in der Literatur als prognoseverschlechternder Indikator [2,3,5].…”

Chronic mesenteric ischemia: A review of current diagnostic and terminology issues

“…), в качестве альтернативы возможно проведение МР-ангиографии [9,38]. Появление мультидетекторной КТ (МДКТ) в значительной мере заменило КТ-ангиографию в диагностике ХИОП, однако последняя сохраняет свою высокую диагностичекую значимость с учетом совершенствования методов внутрисосудистых вмешательств [41,42].…”

New Imaging in Gastrointestinal Tract

“…Magnetic Resonance (MR) and Computed Tomography (CT) techniques, optimised for gastrointestinal imaging, are playing today an increasing role in the evaluation of gastrointestinal disorders, and several studies have shown the advantage of these techniques over tradition barium fluoroscopic examinations secondary to improvements in spatial and temporal resolution combined with improved bowel distending agents. Based on recent literature and guidelines, there is a change of paradigms regarding the diagnosis of esophagus and gastrointestinal cancer towards CT, whereas for small bowel imaging in inflammatory disease MRI with a new focus on Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) are the most important imaging modalities, because DWI can be easily implemented in standard MRI for routine use to further enhance the diagnostic accuracy in disease assessment [ 1 – 4 ]. CT and MRI play an important role also in functional disorders.…”