A review of scroll expanders for organic Rankine cycle systems

Song, Panpan; Wei, Mingshan; Shi, Lei; Danish, Syed Noman; Ma, Chaochen

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.05.094

Cited by 190 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The peak expansion efficiency is high and fully justifies the efforts for replacing the casing and optimizing some expander parameters, although for most of the operating conditions this efficiency is in the range of 45e70% and similar to other reported values for scroll expanders of similar scale and temperature [9,14,20,34]. Also, the selection of the ZP series of expansion machine with low built-in volume ratio (about 2.8) seems to be ideal for the specific application [35,36], since the pressure ratio is restricted to values around 2 for the R-404A fluid.…”

Section: Scroll Expandermentioning

confidence: 64%

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Kosmadakis

Landelle

Lazova

et al. 2016

Energy

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b s t r a c tA detailed experimental investigation of a small-scale low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with R-404A is presented. The tests are first conducted at laboratory conditions for detailed evaluation of the main components at both design and off-design conditions, for variable heat input up to 48 kW th and hot water temperature in the range of 65e100 C. A scroll compressor in reverse operation is used as expansion machine and a dedicated helical coil heat exchanger is installed, suitable for high-pressure and temperature operation. The ORC pump is a diaphragm pump coupled with an induction motor. The rotational speeds of both the expander and pump are regulated with frequency inverters, in order to have the full control of the engine operation. The ORC has been then connected with concentrating PV/ thermal collectors, which produce electricity and heat and provide it to the ORC. These field tests are also presented with the overall focus on the performance of the whole ORC unit and its power contribution to the solar field. The tests have revealed that such low-temperature ORC unit can have adequate efficiency and that its coupling with a solar field is feasible, increasing the power production of the whole system.

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Section: Scroll Expandermentioning

confidence: 64%

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Kosmadakis

Landelle

Lazova

et al. 2016

Energy

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“…The reason is that volumetric expanders result more appropriate than turbo-machines, as they are characterized by lower flow rates, higher pressure ratios, much lower rotational speeds, besides to exhibit good effectiveness and tolerate liquid phase during expansion [21]. In this way, recent works continues improving volumetric expanders, such as rotary volumetric expanders based on the Wankel concept [22], scroll [23] or screw expanders [24]. Furthermore, an appropriate operating pressure ratio for the expander, a suitable working fluid and an efficient cycle configuration are also recommendations to increase the electrical gain [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for power applications from low grade heat sources

Peris

Navarro-Esbrí

Molés

et al. 2015

Applied Thermal Engineering

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In this paper the performance of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) module, which was designed and built for a specific power application, is experimentally characterized. The ORC tested satisfies the main specifications for an efficient power system, highlighting a volumetric expander with large built-in volume ratio. For tests development, a monitored test bench has been used and adapted to the planned test procedure, which consisted of varying the thermal power input for different condensing conditions. Thereby, 10 steady state points are achieved and analysed according to thermal power input, gross and net electrical powers, electrical cycle efficiencies and expander effectiveness. The results show that the ORC performances are improved for higher thermal oil temperatures, capturing more thermal power, producing more electricity and achieving better cycle efficiencies. The maximum gross electrical efficiency obtained is 12.32 %, for a heat source temperature about 155 ºC and a direct dissipation to the ambient. Moreover, the expander reaches an electrical isentropic effectiveness about 65 % for an optimum pressure ratio around 7, being a suitable system for power applications from low grade heat sources.Keywords: Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC); power applications; test bench; heat recovery; energy efficiency.""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" I ntroductionThe Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has been proven as an efficient way for power generation from low grade heat sources [1]. It is a similar power cycle to the steam Rankine cycle, but uses more volatile fluids instead of water to improve the efficiency in low temperature applications [2]. Its operating principle consists of capturing the thermal energy from the heat source through the evaporation of the working fluid and reducing the enthalpy in an expander to produce mechanical work, which is turned into electricity by an electric generator. This is a closed system, which condenses the vapor from the expander outlet and pressurizes the liquid to restart the cycle again. [19] reported that in the literature the usual expander effectiveness ranges between 60-65% with peaks of 68-70%, which is in compliance with their results. The researchers tested a small-size ORC prototype using the working fluid R245fa and a scroll expander, adapted from a commercial HVAC, achieving a net cycle electrical efficiency around 8%. Kane et al. [20] proposed to use two superposed ORCs, each one with an optimized working fluid and expander to overcome the limited pressure range and built-in volume ratio (Vi) of a scroll expander modified from a standard compressor. The working fluids selected were R123 for the topping ORC and R134a for the bottoming ORC. Thereby, the results showed that the superposed cycle achieved a net electrical efficiency upper 12% during tests.As can be seen, the main expansion technology investigated for ORCs, intended for applications in low grade heat sources, is the volumetric or positive displacement machine. The reason is...

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“…A aplicação do scroll como expansor vem sendo fortemente estudada nas últimas três décadas, porém a maior parte dos trabalhos experimentais realizados até o momento utilizaram um compressor scroll comercial adaptado para operar como expansor em ciclos de geração de potência. Song et al (2015) destacam que as técnicas de projeto e manufatura de equipamentos do tipo scroll para operação como compressores já estão bastante avançadas, mas que o desenvolvimento deste equipamento para operação como expansor encontra-se ainda nos estágios iniciais. É mencionado por Quoilin et al (2013) que normalmente os ciclos Rankine de geração de potência operam com expansões superiores à relação de compressão usual dos ciclos de refrigeração e, por conta disso, recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de geometrias de máquinas de fluxo do tipo scroll otimizadas para operação como expansores.…”

Section: Geometria Do Scroll Como Expansorunclassified

“…Diversos trabalhos, como Song et al (2015), Quoilin et al (2013) e Declayne et al (2013), ressaltam que a relação de volumes do expansor está diretamente ligada a eficiência do equipamento. A relação de volumes é definida como a razão entre os volumes de admissão e descarga do expansor e deve ser adequada a condição de operação a qual o expansor estará sujeito e às propriedades do fluido de trabalho utilizado.…”

Section: Relação De Volumesunclassified

“…Assim, como comentado por Song et al (2015), Quoilin et al (2013) e Declayne et al (2013), visando o melhor rendimento do expansor, a relação de volumes deve ser estabelecida de tal forma que a relação de pressões do expansor seja igual à da condição de operação. Isso significa que, no momento imediatamente anterior a abertura da câmara de descarga, o fluido possui pressão ligeiramente superior à pressão da tubulação de saída.…”

A review of scroll expanders for organic Rankine cycle systems

Cited by 190 publications

References 43 publications

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Performance evaluation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for power applications from low grade heat sources

Avaliação experimental da eficiência isentrópica de um expansor tipo scroll

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