A review of selected natural phytochemicals in preventing and treating malignant skin neoplasms

Regenerative Wound Dressings for Skin Cancer

“…Although they can be divided into flavones, flavonols, isoflavonoids, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanols, and anthocyanidins, most of the bioactive compounds belong to the former three groups, which have received great scientific interest in the past years [ 56 , 57 , 58 ]. There is an increasing number of studies reporting the anti-cancer or cancer preventive effects of flavonoids against prostate, colorectal, breast, thyroid, lung, ovarian, and skin cancers [ 59 , 60 ].…”

“…The chemopreventive character of flavonoids relies on their potential to inhibit new cancer cell development, prevent carcinogens from reaching activation sites, decrease compound toxicity by inhibiting their metabolism [ 59 ]. The molecular mechanisms responsible involve apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest by inhibiting key regulators, metabolizing enzymes inhibition and subsequent inactivation of carcinogenic compounds, reactive oxygen species scavenging, angiogenesis inhibition, DNA repair mechanism initiation, and cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness suppression [ 56 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Additionally, some flavonoid compounds have shown to prevent cancer relapse and chemotherapy failure by considerably inhibiting multidrug resistance [ 59 ].…”

“…In skin cancers, flavonoids have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and apoptotic activities. Specifically, topical administration of flavonoids leads to skin absorption and consequent activation of a cascade of protective signaling pathways and cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 and G2-M phases [ 60 ]. Additionally, dietary intake of flavonoid-rich products has shown to ensure DNA protection of skin cells exposed to carcinogenic factors, such as UV radiation [ 56 ].…”

“…There is an increasing number of studies reporting the anti-cancer or cancer preventive effects of flavonoids against prostate, colorectal, breast, thyroid, lung, ovarian, and skin cancers [59,60].…”

“…Among flavonoid compounds, apigenin, quercetin, silymarin, diosmetin, genistein, fisetin, and luteolin, have been identified as potential anti-cancer agents in skin cancers (Table 2) [57,59]. suppression [56,[59][60][61]. Additionally, some flavonoid compounds have shown to prevent cancer relapse and chemotherapy failure by considerably inhibiting multidrug resistance [59].…”