A review of selective laser melting of aluminum alloys: Processing, microstructure, property and developing trends

Zhang, Jinliang; Song, Bo; Wei, Qingsong; Bourell, D. L.

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.09.004

Cited by 915 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 141 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

293

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Aluminum alloy products have been widely used in machinery manufacturing, transportation, electrical, shipbuilding, automobile, aviation, aerospace, chemical industry, construction and other fields [1][2][3][4]. Their properties highly depend on the distribution, shape and size of microstructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Instance Segmentation from Aluminum Alloy Metallographic Image Using Different Loss Functions

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Automatic segmentation of metallographic image is very important for the implementation of an automatic metallographic analysis system. In this paper, a novel instance segmentation framework of a metallographic image was implemented, which can assign each pixel to a physical instance of a microstructure. In this framework, we used the Mask R-CNN as the basic network to complete the learning and recognition of the latent feature of an aluminum alloy microstructure. Meanwhile, we implemented five different loss functions based on this framework and compared the influence of these loss functions on metallographic image segmentation performance. We carried out several experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework. In these experiments, we compared and analyzed six different evaluation metrics and provided constructive suggestions for the performance evaluation of metallographic image segmentation method. A large number of experimental results have shown that the proposed method can achieve the instance segmentation of an aluminum alloy metallographic image and the segmentation results are satisfactory.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Instance Segmentation from Aluminum Alloy Metallographic Image Using Different Loss Functions

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aluminum alloys have been widely used in aerospace, automotive, and structural applications that require materials having a high strength-to-weight ratio, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance [3,4]. Although using the AM technology to create complex-geometry parts of aluminum alloys is attractive, not much research has been conducted [5,6] on aluminum alloys fabricated by AM processes with the exception of AlSi10Mg [7][8][9][10][11]. The addition of silicon in aluminum alloys is done to reduce oxygen absorption and enhance melt pool fluidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduces the oxidation and increases the wettability between successive layers. Silicon has also been shown to increase the powder flowability in powder-bed fusion based AM processes [7,12]. AM of aluminum alloys with low silicon content has not been extensively studied because of processing difficulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Parts Fabricated by Laser-Foil-Printing Additive Manufacturing: Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties

Hung

Sutton

et al. 2020

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fabrication of dense aluminum (Al-1100) parts (>99.3% of relative density) by our recently developed laser-foil-printing (LFP) additive manufacturing method was investigated as described in this paper. This was achieved by using a laser energy density of 7.0 MW/cm2 to stabilize the melt pool formation and create sufficient penetration depth with 300 μm thickness foil. The highest yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) in the LFP-fabricated samples reached 111 ± 8 MPa and 128 ± 3 MPa, respectively, along the laser scanning direction. These samples exhibited greater tensile strength but less ductility compared to annealed Al-1100 samples. Fractographic analysis showed elongated gas pores in the tensile test samples. Strong crystallographic texturing along the solidification direction and dense subgrain boundaries in the LFP-fabricated samples were observed by using the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique.

show abstract

“…The disadvantages of these approaches are the high costs of scandium and the application of nanoparticles. A more detailed review of investigations into aluminum alloys for the LPBF process can be found in [20,21].The use of EN AW-6xxx alloys, whose strength is based on precipitation hardening, promises medium strength with a smaller decrease in ductility at low material costs. Artificial ageing leads to the formation of magnesium/silicon precipitates, which hinder dislocation movement [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tailored AlSiMg Alloy for Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Knoop

Lutz

Mais³

et al. 2020

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The majority of aluminum alloys used for laser powder bed fusion are based on the aluminum-silicon system, particularly alloys containing 7 to 12 wt.% silicon and less than 1 wt.% magnesium. Silicon has a beneficial influence on melt viscosity during casting and laser additive manufacturing and prevents the formation of cracks. This study focused on the development of a new AlSi3.5Mg2.5 alloy for laser powder bed fusion with a Mg-Si content above 1.85 wt.% Mg 2 Si, which is the solubility limit of the α-aluminum matrix, and a subsequent heat treatment to adjust the mechanical properties with a wide range of strength and ductility values. The characterization of the microstructure was conducted by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests and additional tight radius bending tests. The newly developed alloy was compared with AlSi10Mg and Scalmalloy ® . AlSi3.5Mg2.5 offers higher strength and ductility than AlSi10Mg, at comparable material costs. The mechanical properties can be adjusted in a wide range of values using a single step heat treatment. After direct ageing, the samples exhibited a ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 484 ± 1 MPa and an elongation at break of 10.5% ± 1.3%, while after soft annealing, they exhibited a UTS of 179 ± 2 MPa and an elongation at break of 25.6% ± 0.9%.Metals 2020, 10, 514 2 of 13 coarsen [1,2]. Currently, there are only a few alternative processable aluminum alloys for additive manufacturing. These include casting alloys like AlSiCu alloys (EN AC-46xxx and EN AC-47xxx). These alloys offer high tensile strengths of up to 500 MPa with a low elongation at break of 5% [5][6][7].Many known alloys are difficult to process by laser powder bed fusion due to the formation of pores and cracks during solidification. These include medium and high strength wrought alloys of the alloy systems AlCu (EN AW-2xxx) [8][9][10], AlMgSi (EN AW-6xxx) [11,12], and AlZnMg (EN AW-7xxx) [13][14][15]. Known structural concepts for the development of alloys that are adapted to the additive manufacturing process use rare earth elements, such as scandium and zirconium, with varying content [16][17][18] or feature the addition of nanoscale grain refining additives to the known wrought alloys, such as the alloy EN AW-7075 [19]. When processed by laser additive manufacturing, both approaches lead to a combination with a high strength above 500 MPa combined with a good elongation at break of up to 15%. The disadvantages of these approaches are the high costs of scandium and the application of nanoparticles. A more detailed review of investigations into aluminum alloys for the LPBF process can be found in [20,21].The use of EN AW-6xxx alloys, whose strength is based on precipitation hardening, promises medium strength with a smaller decrease in ductility at low material costs. Artificial ageing leads to the formation of magnesium/silicon precipitates, which hinder dislocation mo...

show abstract

A review of selective laser melting of aluminum alloys: Processing, microstructure, property and developing trends

Cited by 915 publications

References 141 publications

Microstructure Instance Segmentation from Aluminum Alloy Metallographic Image Using Different Loss Functions

Microstructure Instance Segmentation from Aluminum Alloy Metallographic Image Using Different Loss Functions

Aluminum Parts Fabricated by Laser-Foil-Printing Additive Manufacturing: Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties

A Tailored AlSiMg Alloy for Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About