A review of short naps and sleep inertia: do naps of 30 min or less really avoid sleep inertia and slow-wave sleep?

Hilditch, Cassie J.; Dorrian, Jillian; Banks, Siobhan

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.12.016

Cited by 70 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…17,18 The downside of naps is sleep inertia that may occur when naps last for some time (eg, ≥ 30 minutes), causing impaired performance compared with the state before nap or no nap. 19 Naps of 19 One important positive safety aspect was that all pilots worked within a culture that was positive toward napping. However, the CFV pilots reported that administrative duties, phone calls, and environmental factors were the most frequent causes that prevented them from napping.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Management of Sleepiness Among Pilots in a Norwegian and an Austrian Air Ambulance Service—A Comparative Study

Zakariassen

Waage

Harris

et al. 2019

Air Medical Journal

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We compared subjectively reported sleepiness and fatigue as well as causes and management strategies for combating sleepiness among pilots working in 2 different helicopter emergency medical services operating with different shift systems. Methods: Pilots from the Norwegian Air Ambulance (NAA) and Christophorus Flugrettungsverein (CFV) in Austria participated. NAA performs flight missions 24/7, whereas at the time of the study the participating CFV bases did not fly after sunset. The pilots are on duty for 1 week in both services. NAA and CFV used an identical research protocol, including questionnaires about sleep, sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale), coping strategies, and work-related causes of fatigue. Results: CFV pilots kept busy, whereas NAA pilots slept and did physical exercise as strategies to prevent sleepiness. The majority in both groups used napping and coffee consumption as strategies. CFV pilots reported more frequently than NAA pilots that administrative duties and environmental factors were reasons preventing napping. Conclusion: Some differences existed between the 2 pilot groups regarding strategies for managing sleepiness and causes that prevented pilots from napping. Pilots in both groups were healthy, physically active, and had normal Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Management of Sleepiness Among Pilots in a Norwegian and an Austrian Air Ambulance Service—A Comparative Study

Zakariassen

Waage

Harris

et al. 2019

Air Medical Journal

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“…Sleep inertia has been described as a reduction in the ability to think and impaired performance upon awakening from sleep. [16][17][18] A total period of 30 minutes (15 minute walk and 15 minute primer exercises) before testing began, was implemented in the current study to avoid sleep inertia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Sleep inertia is a temporary reduction in arousal and performance, which is associated with slow-wave sleep in NREM. 16,17 Naps are likely to occur in the mid-afternoon, when there is a dip in the circadian rhythm following lunch, which is a period of time when attention and alertness is reduced. 18 A study by Waterhouse et al 7 investigated the effect of a lunchtime nap following a partial (4 hour) sleep deprivation on cognitive, motor, and sprint performance in 10 untrained participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Match-Day Napping in Elite Female Netball Athletes

O’Donnell¹,

Beaven²,

Driller³

2018

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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“…Sleep inertia may be enhanced by prior sleep deprivation and proximity of the nap to the circadian nadir of alertness (Scheer, Shea, Hilton, & Shea, ; Tassi & Muzet, ). According to a recent review, sleep inertia is observed immediately after 30‐min night‐time naps, with clear benefits apparent only 60 min after awakening; however, more comprehensive testing during the first hour following the nap is required to understand the course of sleep inertia (Hilditch, Dorrian, & Banks, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the authors previously reported several factors associated with sleepiness and performance during the night shift (Zion, Drach-Zahavy, & Shochat, 2018;. Older shift workers were more vulnerable to the negative impacts of night work on cognitive performance (Bonnefond et al, 2006;Bonnefond, Rohmer, Hoeft, Muzet, & Tassi, 2003;Tadinac, Sekulić, Hromatko, Mazul-Sunko, & Ivancić, 2014), whereas younger workers reported increased sleepiness (Bonnefond et al, 2006;Härmä, Sallinen, Ranta, Mutanen, & Müller, 2002;. In addition, morning chronotypes preferred going to bed early and experienced high levels of sleepiness during night shifts (Gamble et al, 2011;Saksvik, Bjorvatn, Hetland, Sandal, & Pallesen, 2011;Seo, Matsumoto, Park, Shinkoda, & Noh, 2000;van de Ven et al, 22016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let them sleep: The effects of a scheduled nap during the night shift on sleepiness and cognition in hospital nurses

Zion

Shochat

2019

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aims The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a scheduled 30‐min nap and its interaction with individual factors on sleepiness and cognition during an 8‐hr night shift. Design This prospective, within‐subjects study conducted between 2011–2014 compared sleepiness and cognition with/without a nap during the night shift, in 109 female nurses, tested on two nights with and two nights without a nap in counterbalanced order. Methods Nurses completed the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire for Shiftwork, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Pre‐Sleep Arousal Scale at study onset. They reported sleepiness hourly and performed the Digit Symbol Substitution and the Letter Cancellation Tasks at 3:00 and 7:00 a.m. They took a nap at 4:00 a.m. on nap nights and worked as usual on no‐nap nights. Sleep–wake patterns were monitored using actigraphs 24 hr before and during the shift. Caffeine consumption, workload and adverse events were reported. To assess the effectiveness of a scheduled nap, mixed‐models and repeated measures analyses of variance were used. Results Lower levels of sleepiness were found at 5:00, 6:00 and 7:00 a.m. on nap versus no‐nap nights. Increments in performance between 3:00–7:00 a.m. were significantly greater on nap versus no‐nap nights for Digit Symbol Substitution Task correct responses and Letter Cancellation Task capacity. No interactions between the nap and any of the individual factors emerged. Conclusion A scheduled nap provides an effective countermeasure against the negative consequences of night‐time shift work in female nurses above and beyond interpersonal differences. Impact Changes in attitude and policy are required to implement this beneficial and cost‐effective strategy. Trial registration number: ACTRN12618001857291.

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A review of short naps and sleep inertia: do naps of 30 min or less really avoid sleep inertia and slow-wave sleep?

Cited by 70 publications

References 61 publications

Causes and Management of Sleepiness Among Pilots in a Norwegian and an Austrian Air Ambulance Service—A Comparative Study

Causes and Management of Sleepiness Among Pilots in a Norwegian and an Austrian Air Ambulance Service—A Comparative Study

The Influence of Match-Day Napping in Elite Female Netball Athletes

Let them sleep: The effects of a scheduled nap during the night shift on sleepiness and cognition in hospital nurses

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