A Review of Silicon in Soils and Plants and Its Role in US Agriculture

Tubaña, Brenda; Babu, T. Ramesh; Datnoff, Lawrence E.

doi:10.1097/ss.0000000000000179

Cited by 338 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…However, CaCl 2 has been the primary Si extractant used in Brazil 32 . According to Lima Filho 2 , CaCl 2 extracts small amounts of Si from soil but can better estimate the available Si in the soil solution, which contradicts the results of the present study. According to Haynes et al .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Soluble Si is represented by the most labile forms of Si, which are primarily composed of silicic acid [H 4 SiO 4 or Si(OH) 4 , also called orthosilicic acid] 2 , whereas amorphous silica (SiO 2 ) represents a non-soluble mineral with polar hydroxyl groups on its surface, which is able to adsorb other compounds depending on the degree of porosity, polymerization degree, and water content 22 . Several extractants of soluble Si have been studied by various researchers to evaluate Si availability in soil; however, none has been effective in all types of soils because the amounts of Si extracted vary greatly depending on the solution used in the extraction process 23,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Crusciol

Arruda

Fernandes

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The correct evaluation of silicon (Si) availability in different soil types is critical in defining the amount of Si to be supplied to crops. This study was carried out to evaluate two methods and five chemical Si extractants in clayey, sandy-loam, and sandy soils cultivated with sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). Soluble Si was extracted using two extraction methods (conventional and microwave oven) and five Si extractants (CaCl2, deionized water, KCl, Na-acetate buffer (pH 4.0), and acetic acid). No single method and/or extractant adequately estimated the Si availability in the soils. Conventional extraction with KCl was no more effective than other methods in evaluating Si availability; however, it had less variation in estimating soluble Si between soils with different textural classes. In the clayey and sandy soils, the Na-acetate buffer (pH 4.0) and acetic acid were effective in evaluating the Si availability in the soil regardless of the extraction methods. The extraction with acetic acid using the microwave oven, however, overestimated the Si availability. In the sandy-loam soil, extraction with deionized water using the microwave oven method was more effective in estimating the Si availability in the soil than the other extraction methods.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Crusciol

Arruda

Fernandes

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Si fertilization indeed increases crop yields (Berthelsen, Noble, & Garside, 2001;Keller et al, 2012;Liang, Ma, Li, & Feng, 1994;Liang et al, 2015;Meyer & Keeping, 2001;Savant, Snyder, & Datnoff, 1996;Song, Wang, Strong, & Shan, 2014). It is increasingly practiced to improve crop productivity (Datnoff & Heckman, 2014;Datnoff, Snyder, & Korndörfer, 2001;Haynes, 2017;Keeping, 2017;Ma & Takahashi, 2002;Tubana, Babu, & Datnoff, 2016). To date, Si fertilizers consist mainly of silicate slag and natural silicate minerals (Berthelsen et al, 2001;Datnoff & Heckman, 2014;Gascho, 2001;Haynes, 2014;Haynes & Zhou, 2018;Keeping, 2017;Liang et al, 1994;Ma & Takahashi, 2002), as well as nano-Si foliar fertilizers (Puppe & Sommer, 2018).…”

Section: Biological Si Feedback Loop In Agroecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytolith‐rich biochar: A potential Si fertilizer in desilicated soils

Delvaux

2019

GCB Bioenergy

105

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Silicon (Si) is beneficial to plants since it increases photosynthetic efficiency, and alleviates biotic and abiotic stresses. In the most highly weathered and desilicated soils, plant phytoliths make up the reservoir of bioavailable Si. The regular removal of crop residues, however, substantially decreases this pool. Si supply may therefore be required to sustain continuous cropping. Available Si fertilizers are costly and usually poor in soluble Si. Biochar produced from the pyrolysis of phytolith‐rich biomass is thus a promising alternative Si source for plants. Taking into account the challenges of increasing food demand and environmental concerns, we evaluate the global potential of biochar produced from major crop residues and manures in terms of phytogenic Si (PhSi) supply. Crop residues contribute to 80% of the global production of biomass dry matter (8,201 Tg/year) of which 3,137 Tg/year are potentially available after pyrolysis, giving a potential application rate of 1.7 T ha−1 year−1 for highly weathered soils in the tropics. The potential PhSi supply from crop biochar amounts to 102 Tg Si/year. On its own, rice straws produce 57.7 Tg PhSi/year, accounting for 56.6% of the potential annual PhSi production. The Si release from crop biochar depends on inter altere feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, soil pH, and buffer capacity. Furthermore, the amplitude of plant Si uptake and mineralomass depends on plant species, soil properties, and processes. These factors interact and can exert a decisive influence on the effectiveness of phytolithic biochar in releasing Si into highly weathered soils. We conclude that the use of phytolithic biochar as a Si fertilizer offers undeniable potential to mitigate desilication and to enhance Si ecological services due to soil weathering and biomass removal. This potential must be explored, as well as the conditions for using biochar in the field.

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“…Several studies have been conducted on silicon fertilization. These studies have suggested positive growth effects of silicon fertilization, as well as increased biomass and yield (Korndorfer & Lepsch, 2001;Crooks & Prentice, 2017;Tubana et al, 2016 andCuong et al, 2017). For the effect of licorice root extract, data show that increasing the concentration of licorice root extract up to 5 g L -1 gave significant increases in values of above parameters compared to the treatment of not using licorice root extract in both seasons, reached to 38, 14, 30, 21 and 23% for 1 st season and 36, 11, 36, 22, 23 % for 2 nd season, respectively.…”

Section: Yield Parameters Of Pea Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although well known that silicon is not an essential element of plants, but there are many studies indicated that it can positively influence on plant growth and production (Balakhnina et al, 2012). Silicon impact on yield associated with depositing element under the leaf epidermis which results in the mechanism of physical protection, and decline the transpiration losses and increases the capacity of photosynthesis (Korndörfer et al, 2004;Crooks &Prentice, 2017 andTubana et al, 2016). Spraying with Si improved the nutrient status of flax and increased straw and oil yield/ plant (Shedeed et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alternative Spraying with Silicate and Licorice Root Extract on Yield and Nutrients Uptake by Pea Plants

Elrys

Merwad

2017

Egypt. J. Agron.

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GREEN APPROACHES for enhancing plant growth and production using natural occurring materials are highly needed such as licorice root extract. Silicon is an abundant element on Earth and its positive effects on plants make it important in agriculture. Silicon plays an important role in the mineral nutrition of plants, especially for the high accumulator species, such as pea plants. A field trialwas conducted through 2015 and 2016 growing seasons to study the effect of alternative spraying with silicate and licorice root extract on growth parameters, yield and nutrients uptake by pea plants (Pisum sativum L.). Licorice root extract was added as a foliar spray at a rate of 0, 2 and 5 g l -1 at 20, 30, and 40 days after sowing. Three concentrations of SiO 2 (0, 500, 750 mg SiO 2 L -1 ) were spraying at 25, 35, and 45 days after sowing. Therefore, the experimental design was factorial randomized complete block, involving 2 factors; A: silicate rates, B: Licorice extract rates. Results indicated that spraying with silicon and licorice root extract significantly increased fresh pods yield, dry weight of shoots and seeds, protein content and nutrients uptake as compared to untreated plants. The best treatment was alternative spraying with silicate (750 mg SiO 2 L -1 ) and 5 g L -1 licorice root extract.

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A Review of Silicon in Soils and Plants and Its Role in US Agriculture

Cited by 338 publications

References 131 publications

Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Methods and extractants to evaluate silicon availability for sugarcane

Phytolith‐rich biochar: A potential Si fertilizer in desilicated soils

Effect of Alternative Spraying with Silicate and Licorice Root Extract on Yield and Nutrients Uptake by Pea Plants

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