A Review of Surgical Bone Drilling and Drill Bit Heat Generation for Implantation

Islam, Md Ashequl; Kamarrudin, N S; Daud, Ruslizam; Noor, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd; Azmi, Azri; Razlan, Zuradzman Mohamad

doi:10.3390/met12111900

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…As previously described, the conductivity values of the synthetic polyurethane blocks used in the present study present a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, which results in a heat accumulation right in front of the cutting edges 45 . Then, the sensor was installed as close as possible to the perforation site and, even at the end of each osteotomy, it was kept in position until the temperature value started to decrease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

New strategy for osseodensification during osteotomy in low-density bone: an in vitro experimental study

Bettach

Boukhris²,

Aza

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The goal of this in vitro study was to evaluate and propose a new strategy for osseodensification technique using a drill counterclockwise to densification of bone of low density. Synthetic bone blocks of two different low densities (type III and IV) were used for the tests. The conventional drilling group (CD group) used Turbo-drill in a clockwise direction, and the osseodensification group (OD group) applied Turbo-drill in a counterclockwise direction. The applied tests were: (i) measurement of the temperature variation (ΔT) and (ii) measurement of the torque during the osteotomies, comparing the new strategy with the conventional drilling. Both groups were tested without (condition c1) and with (condition c2) irrigation, generating four subgroups: CDc1, CDc2, ODc1, and ODc2. Twenty osteotomies were made for each subgroup with a thermocouple positioned intra-bone (1 mm distant from the osteotomy) to measure the temperature produced. Other 20 samples/group were used to measure the torque value during each osteotomy in both synthetic bone density blocks. The mean of the ΔT during the osteotomies in type III bone was: 6.8 ± 1.26 °C for the CDc1 group, 9.5 ± 1.84 °C for the ODc1, 1.5 ± 1.35 °C for the CDc2, and 4.5 ± 1.43 °C for ODc2. Whereas, in the type IV bone, the ΔT was: 5.2 ± 1.30 °C for the CDc1 group, 7.0 ± 1.99 °C for the ODc1, 0.9 ± 1.05 °C for the CDc2, and 2.7 ± 1.30 °C for ODc2. The maximum torque during the osteotomies was: 8.8 ± 0.97 Ncm for CD samples and 11.6 ± 1.08 Ncm for OD samples in the type III bone; and 5.9 ± 0.99 Ncm for CD samples and 9.6 ± 1.29 Ncm for OD samples in the type IV bone. Statistical differences between the groups were detected in tests and conditions analyzed (p < 0.05). Using the drill counterclockwise for osseodensification in low-density bone generated a significantly greater torque of a drill than in CD and temperature variation during osteotomies. However, the temperature range displayed by the OD group was below critical levels that can cause damage to bone tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

New strategy for osseodensification during osteotomy in low-density bone: an in vitro experimental study

Bettach

Boukhris²,

Aza

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…It is essential to consider that the temperatures observed in bone drilling might differ from previous reports due to variations in bone types, sizes, and drilling conditions used in different studies. The study showed lower temperatures during bone drilling compared to other research [20][21][22][23], likely influenced by the specific experimental setup and parameters. Despite its limitations, this study's results can serve as a useful starting point to guide the selection of optimal drilling parameters in orthopaedic surgery.…”

Section: Discussion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…To preserve the physical properties of the bone specimens with minimal alteration, they were carefully stored at -20 °C before the drilling tests [21]. The cylindrical bone specimens were thoroughly examined, and they exhibited no visible signs of disease or significant porosity, ensuring the integrity of the study material [3].…”

Section: Bone Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Impact of Drilling Parameters on Temperature Elevation within Bone during the Process of Implant Site Preparation

Md Ashequl Islam,

Nur Saifullah Kamarrudin,

Ruslizam Daud

et al. 2024

ARAM

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This study aimed to elucidate the influences of several drilling parameters on bone temperature during drilling, as excessive heat generation can cause thermal bone damage and affect post-surgery recovery. In vitro drilling tests were conducted on bovine femoral shaft cortical bone specimens. The parameters considered included tool rotational speed (s), feed rate (f), tool diameter (d), and drill tip angles of 118° and 135°. Drilling temperatures were studied across a range of 800–2000 rpm rotational speeds, 20–40 mm/min feed rates, and 2–4 mm drill diameters. A predictive statistical model was constructed using the response surface methodology (RSM). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) revealed that rotational speed significantly impacted temperature increase, contributing to 59.74% of observed temperature rises. Drill diameter accounted for 16.21% of temperature variations, while feed rate contributed to 10.04% of the temperature rises. The study provides valuable insights into the predominant factors affecting bone temperature during drilling. Understanding these parameters and their interplay is pivotal for optimizing drilling conditions and minimizing potential thermal damage to bones.

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“…The external factors include drilling speed or feed rate, drilling energy, cooling, drilling depth, methodology used, and patient individual factors. An almost similar review study that also discussed drill bit heat generation on surgical bone drilling is presented in [28]. The paper highlights that drill bit design is one of the important factors in reducing thermal damage during surgical bone drilling.…”

Section: Previous Review Studies On Bone Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Drilling: A Review with a Lab Case Study of Bone Layer Classification Using Vibration Signal and Long Short-Term Memory

Caesarendra

2024

Preprint

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In orthopedics, bone drilling is a crucial part of a surgical method commonly carried out for internal fixation in bone fracture treatment. The primary purpose of bone drilling is the creation of holes for screw insertion to immobilize fractured parts. The bone drilling task depends on the orthopedist and surgeon’s high level of skill and experience. This paper aimed to provide a summary of previously published review studies in the field of bone drilling. This review paper also presents a comprehensive review of the application of machine learning for bone drilling and as a future direction for the automation system. This review can also help medical surgeons and bone drillers understand the latest improvements through parameter selection and optimization strategies to reduce bone damage in bone drilling procedures. Apart from the review study, bone drilling vibration data collected in the University laboratory experiment is also presented in this study. The vibration data consist of three different layers of femur cow bone which are processed and classified using several machine learning methods. LSTM is, used in the bone drilling classification study to prove that the layers of the bone drilling are associated with the vibration signal and can be classified and predicted using the machine learning method.

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A Review of Surgical Bone Drilling and Drill Bit Heat Generation for Implantation

Cited by 15 publications

References 110 publications

New strategy for osseodensification during osteotomy in low-density bone: an in vitro experimental study

New strategy for osseodensification during osteotomy in low-density bone: an in vitro experimental study

Quantifying the Impact of Drilling Parameters on Temperature Elevation within Bone during the Process of Implant Site Preparation

Bone Drilling: A Review with a Lab Case Study of Bone Layer Classification Using Vibration Signal and Long Short-Term Memory

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