A Review of Techniques for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping with Special Reference to the Head and Neck Region

Abstract

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is an extensively explored diagnostic mean for reducing surgical risks while improving staging in different human malignancies. Several different techniques have been introduced to clinical use during last two decades. Methods as ink lymphography and lymphoscintigraphy have already established their position in sentinel nodes mapping. Novel approaches as CT, MRI-lymphography, contrast enhanced ultrasound and near-infrared fluorescence imaging possesses prominent potential advantages and demand further experience gaining. A review of the clinically utilized techniques is presented a special attention is drawn to their usefulness in the head and neck carcinomas work-up. Keywords