A review of the anatomical, biomechanical and kinematic findings of posterior cruciate ligament injury with respect to non-operative management

Chandrasekaran, Sivashankar; Ma, Dávid; Scarvell, Jennie M.; Woods, Kevin R.; Smith, Paul N.

doi:10.1016/j.knee.2012.09.005

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it has been noted that this healing usually occurs in a lax position. 25,26 On the other hand, isolated injuries have been well managed with bracing as a non-operative treatment. 27-29 The majority of athletes suffering an isolated PCL tear return to activity with rehabilitation, achieving knee stability by enhancing muscles to compensate posterior tibial translation.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management

Vaquero-Picado

Rodríguez-Merchán

2017

EFORT Open Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears are much less frequent than anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.Abrupt posterior tibial translation (such as dashboard impact), falls in hyperflexion and direct hyperextension trauma are the most frequent mechanisms of production.The anterolateral bundle represents two-thirds of PCL mass and is reconstructed in single-bundle techniques.The PCL has an intrinsic capability for healing. This is the reason why, nowadays, the majority of isolated PCL tears are managed non-operatively, with rehabilitation and bracing.Recent studies have focused on double-bundle reconstruction techniques, as they seem to restore knee kinematics.No significant clinical differences have been established between single versus double-bundle techniques, autograft versus allograft, transtibial tunnel versus tibial inlay techniques or remnant-preserving versus remnant-release techniques.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:89-96. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160009

show abstract

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management

Vaquero-Picado

Rodríguez-Merchán

2017

EFORT Open Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The strength of PCL is as twice as that of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Although the incidence of PCL injury is relatively lower than that of the ACL injury, it still accounts for 3 to 44% of all knee injuries [2, 3]. Generally speaking, PCL can be classified into two components, namely, the anterolateral bundle (ALB) and the posteromedial bundle (PMB) [4, 5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biomechanical and histological effects of posterior cruciate ligament rupture on the medial tibial plateau

Deng

Lin

et al. 2017

J Orthop Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate the biomechanical and histological effects of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) on the medial tibial plateau.MethodsA total of 12 cadaveric human knee specimens were collected and grouped as follows: the PCL intact group (n = 12), the anterolateral bundle rupture group (n = 6), the postmedial bundle rupture group (n = 6), and the PCL rupture group (n = 12). The strain on the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the medial tibial plateau with an axial loading force at different flexion angles was measured and analyzed, respectively. Forty-eight rabbits were chosen for animal study: surgery was performed on the one side of each rabbit randomly (experimental group), while the other side was taken as control (control group). Every 12 rabbits were culled at each of the four selected time points to collect the medial tibial plateau for morphological and histological observation.ResultsThe PCL rupture, either partial or complete, may generate an abnormal load on all the parts of the medial tibial plateau with axial loading at all positions. Noticeable time-dependent degenerative histological changes of the medial tibial plateau were observed in the rabbit models of PCL rupture. Compared with the control group, all the PCL rupture groups exhibited a higher expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) at all the time points.ConclusionsEither partial or complete PCL rupture may generate an abnormal load on all the parts of the medial tibial plateau with axial loading at all the positions and may cause cartilage degeneration on the medial tibial plateau.

show abstract

“…If joint pain and instability continue, surgical reconstruction is recommended. [3][4][5][6] The natural history of isolated PCL injuries is unclear. Some patients are able to return to their pre-injury level of activity while others gradually show symptoms of joint pain and instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research asserts that knee function and joint laxity have no direct correlation. [6][7][8][9][10] Although it is currently impossible to determine the primary cause influencing knee function recovery, theoretically, one factor worth considering is proprioception. Roberts et al divided anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient patients into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups and found that asymptomatic patients in certain proprioceptive ability tests actually outperformed symptomatic patients, indicating that proprioceptive ability might be closely related to the outcome of an ACL injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we could track long-term kinematic and kinetic evaluations of lower extremities post-injury and appropriately classify and compare patients, it would help to explain the clinical performance and prognosis of patients, ultimately allowing development of an appropriate treatment strategy. 6 For this reason, the purpose of this study was to research chronic, isolated PCL rupture patients and use patients' symptoms to place them as either symptomatic or asymptomatic groups. Then, from the perspective of kinematics and kinetics, we analyzed whether patient gait patterns differed from those of the control group, and compared the symmetry of injured and uninjured sides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gait Patterns After Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Comparison of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients

Liu

Chou

2014

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined chronic, isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) rupture patients, dividing them into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups according to whether they displayed obvious symptoms in daily activities. Each group comprised 10 patients while 10 healthy, young individuals were adopted as the control group. Using a three-dimensional motion analysis system and force plates, the gait patterns of the PCL-deficient patients were analyzed from both kinematics and kinetics perspectives to identify whether they differed from the control group and to compare symmetry between the injured and uninjured sides. The results showed that the symptomatic PCL-deficient group was closer to \normal", and the asymptomatic PCL-deficient group showed less knee extension moment and lower power absorption in the terminal stance than the control group. Additionally, the symptomatic PCLdeficient group appeared to have a relatively symmetric gait while the asymptomatic PCLdeficient group primarily showed an asymmetric gait also occurring in the terminal stance, including less joint moment and lower power absorption of the hip and knee, and lower vertical . Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by FLINDERS UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 02/07/15. For personal use only.ground reaction force (GRF). Regarding the gait adaptations of the asymptomatic PCLdeficient group these compensation mechanisms are most likely to have been produced in order to assist in joint stabilization and reduce symptoms in joints.

show abstract

A review of the anatomical, biomechanical and kinematic findings of posterior cruciate ligament injury with respect to non-operative management

Cited by 36 publications

References 69 publications

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management

The biomechanical and histological effects of posterior cruciate ligament rupture on the medial tibial plateau

Gait Patterns After Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Comparison of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About