A Review of the Biomechanics of Staircase Descent: Implications for Building Fire Evacuations

Agyemang, Cathy; Kinateder, Max

doi:10.1007/s10694-021-01140-y

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The research on fire control pipeline layout of high-rise office buildings can reasonably allocate fire control pipeline system according to the characteristics of high-rise buildings and fire risk, and improve the fire prevention and control ability. Through the setting of reasonable channels, timely water supply, smoke evacuation and rescue personnel can be achieved to effectively control fire development and reduce losses [3][4]. In addition, scientific and reasonable fire pipe layout can provide an effective and rapid evacuation channel for high-rise office buildings, and ensure that personnel can be safely and quickly evacuated to a safe area when a fire occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire pipe layout method of high-rise office building based on graph convolutional neural network

Chen

2024

Third International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering, Big Data, and Computer Technology (EIBDCT 2024)

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The floor and space layout of high-rise office buildings is usually complex and variable, and the layout of fire pipes must take into account the structural limitations of the building. The plumbing system must be coordinated with the building structure without affecting the use of the floor and meeting the fire safety requirements. This paper proposes a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) based fire pipe layout method for high-rise office buildings. Use GCN to complete the classification of fire pipes. Based on this, the directed graph of the fire pipe network is analyzed, the connection matrix of the fire pipe network is established, the shortest path of the fire pipe network is calculated, and the layout of the fire pipe network is completed. The experimental results show that: Under the application of the research method, the ability of fire pipeline to transport water resources is higher, and the investment cost of pipeline network layout is lower.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire pipe layout method of high-rise office building based on graph convolutional neural network

Chen

2024

Third International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering, Big Data, and Computer Technology (EIBDCT 2024)

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“…Xu and Song [9] developed an improved multi-grid model for staircase evacuation, where the rectangular body size, various walking speeds in different densities and turning behavior of pedestrians are taken into account. Recently, Agyemang and Kinateder [10] summarized that biomechanical analyses of pedestrian staircase descent add nuance by characterizing factors relevant to safe movement on stairs, such as foot placement, the use of handrails and balance. In China, relevant studies on the evacuation simulation in staircases have also been conducted in the past decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen from the literature review that the experimental research data on evacuation through staircases in university campus buildings are relatively limited and cannot fully reflect the evacuation characteristics of staircases in campus buildings. The results of various evacuation simulations are inconsistent to some extent, such as the effect of handrails [10,14] and staircase types [12,15]. Moreover, the physical and safety awareness profiles of evacuees are normally not considered in the simulations and tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Study on Rapid Evacuation Characteristics of Staircases in Campus Buildings

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2022

Buildings

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In this work, we conducted downward evacuation experiments in four types of staircases under various smoke visibility conditions of the naked eye, wearing sunglass and wearing eyeshades. Ten male and ten female college students were recruited to conduct the evacuation as a single male, single female, two males supporting one another, two females supporting one another and one male carrying another on his back. The evacuation time on each floor was recorded. The corresponding evacuation models were established by Pathfinder and verified against the test data. The effects of evacuation crowd density and response time considering gender factors on the evacuation time were simulated using the models. The results show that under the experimental condition of low visibility, the curve of evacuation time presents a stable state, whose change with the increase in the floors is not obvious. The increase in the evacuation time under different visibility indicates that males have better adaptability to the environment than females. The curves of SSP (straight running stairs with platform) and DSS (double split parallel stairs) are smoother than those of DPS (double running parallel stairs) and CS (corner stairs), indicating less pressure and less congestion during evacuation. During the emergency evacuation, the crowd pressure on the platform of the staircases is small. The front section of the flight and the corner part of the staircases are prone to congestion during evacuation. Under the influence of gender factors, since the response time of males is longer than that of females, the smaller the proportion of males, the smaller the time growth rate considering the reaction time. With the increase in crowd density, the effect of response time on total evacuation time becomes smaller.

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Using Older Adult Walking Speeds from Controlled Trials as Inputs for Occupants in Simulations

Forrest,

Gales,

Van Ooteghem

et al. 2024

Fire Technol

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A Review of the Biomechanics of Staircase Descent: Implications for Building Fire Evacuations

Cited by 9 publications

References 120 publications

Fire pipe layout method of high-rise office building based on graph convolutional neural network

Fire pipe layout method of high-rise office building based on graph convolutional neural network

Experimental and Numerical Study on Rapid Evacuation Characteristics of Staircases in Campus Buildings

Using Older Adult Walking Speeds from Controlled Trials as Inputs for Occupants in Simulations

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