A review of the crane fly genusEpiphragma(Diptera: Tipulidaes.l.) in North America (including Mexico)

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This study examines the seven described species of<jats:italic>Epiphragma</jats:italic>Osten Sacken (Diptera: Tipulidae<jats:italic>s.l.</jats:italic>) known to occur in North America including Mexico. A key to species, descriptions, distributional ranges, habitat information, and literature references are given and the wing patterning and male genitalia are illustrated. The male of<jats:italic>Epiphragma celator</jats:italic>Alexander is described for the first time and the species range is extended north from Michoacan, Mexico to southern Arizona, United States of America. The range of<jats:italic>Epiphragma arizonense</jats:italic>Alexander is extended from southern Arizona south to Sinaloa, Mexico. The male hypopygium of<jats:italic>Epiphragma nebulosum</jats:italic>(Bellardi) and wing and hypopygium of<jats:italic>Epiphragma</jats:italic><jats:italic>oreonympha</jats:italic>Alexander are illustrated for the first time.</jats:p>

Uncovering the hidden within shipping containers: Molecular biosurveillance confirms a pathway for introducing multiple regulated and invasive species.

“…Larvae of Tipula sp. are indistinguishable morphologically at the genus level due to a signi cant variation in larval character states(Gelhaus 1986), which makes DNA identi cation of larval specimens especially important. Although most species of Tipula are not invasive and generally not considered pests, there are at least two examples, such as Tipula paludosa and Tipula oleracea, considered invasive turfgrass pests in North America(Wilkinson and MacCarthy 1967;Gelhaus 2005).…”