A Review of the Current State of Magnetic Force Microscopy to Unravel the Magnetic Properties of Nanomaterials Applied in Biological Systems and Future Directions for Quantum Technologies

Winkler, Robert; Ciria, Miguel; Ahmad, Margaret; Plank, Harald; Marcuello, Carlos

doi:10.3390/nano13182585

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 374 publications

(439 reference statements)

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“…The technique of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) offers distinct advantages for analyzing magnetic domains in composites. 66 MFM provides high-resolution imaging capabilities, enabling the visualization and characterization of magnetic domains at the nanoscale. 67 Moreover, MFM allows for the direct mapping of magnetic properties, facilitating the understanding of domain formation, interactions, and dynamics within the composite material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation on 3D Printed Magnetic Scaffolds for Neuronal Cell Growth

Alavarse,

da Silva,

Ghaffari Bohlouli

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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This study investigated the physicochemical properties of 3D printed sodium alginate (SA)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) hydrogels that were subsequently cross-linked using Ca 2+ ions via postspraying. The rheological properties of the precursor hydrogels were assessed because they play a crucial role in printability. The SA/PVA composition of 12/8 wt %, both in the absence and presence of MNPs at concentrations of 1.0 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, or 5.0 mg/mL, displayed good printability. Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) evidenced the random distribution of MNPs on the hydrogel surface and the aggregation of magnetic clusters with increasing MNP content. Nanoindentation tests using a silica colloidal probe allowed estimating the elastic modulus values of swollen 3D printed scaffolds. These values ranged from 1.0 MPa (SA12/PVA8) to 7.2 MPa (SA/PVA-MNP5). Confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of cells within the interior of the 3D printed scaffolds. The cytocompatibility or cytotoxicity assays showed that all 3D printed scaffolds were cytocompatible with HT-22 cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) offers distinct advantages for analyzing magnetic domains in composites . MFM provides high-resolution imaging capabilities, enabling the visualization and characterization of magnetic domains at the nanoscale .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation on 3D Printed Magnetic Scaffolds for Neuronal Cell Growth

Alavarse,

da Silva,

Ghaffari Bohlouli

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…The magnetic properties, particle size, and biocoating of magnetite play a crucial role in the biomedical applications of magnetite. Superparamagnetic behavior is desirable because when exposed to an external magnetic field, these nanoparticles exhibit a remarkable response that allows them to be directed and concentrated with exceptional precision to specific regions or to target diseased areas in the body [ 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Matricaria chamomilla Aqueous Extract

Paut,

Guć,

Vrankić

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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Magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) possess properties that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. In recent years, interest in the synthesis of magnetite NPs and their surface functionalization has increased significantly, especially regarding their application in biomedicine such as for controlled and targeted drug delivery. There are several conventional methods for preparing magnetite NPs, all of which mostly utilize Fe(iii) and Fe(ii) salt precursors. In this study, we present a microwave hydrothermal synthesis for the precipitation of magnetite NPs at temperatures of 200 °C for 20 min and 260 °C for 5 min, with only iron(iii) as a precursor utilizing chamomile flower extract as a stabilizing, capping, and reducing agent. Products were characterized using FTIR, PXRD, SEM, and magnetometry. Our analysis revealed significant differences in the properties of magnetite NPs prepared with this approach, and the conventional two-precursor hydrothermal microwave method (sample MagH). FTIR and PXRD analyses confirmed coated magnetite particles. The temperature and magnetic-field dependence of magnetization indicate their superparamagnetic behavior. Importantly, the results of our study show the noticeable cytotoxicity of coated magnetite NPs—toxic to carcinoma cells but harmless to healthy cells—further emphasizing the potential of these NPs for biomedical applications.

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“…23 Bimetallic iron−cobalt magnetic FEBID tips have also been demonstrated. 24 Tips such as these could be used for in-liquid MFM of magnetic biological structures, 25 further underscoring the versatility of the FEBID and FIBID tip fabrication methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focused Helium Ion and Electron Beam-Induced Deposition of Organometallic Tips for Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy of Biomolecules in Liquid

Allen,

De Teresa,

Onoa

2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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We demonstrate the fabrication of sharp nanopillars of high aspect ratio onto specialized atomic force microscopy (AFM) microcantilevers and their use for high-speed AFM of DNA and nucleoproteins in liquid. The fabrication technique uses localized charged-particleinduced deposition with either a focused beam of helium ions or electrons in a helium ion microscope (HIM) or scanning electron microscope (SEM). This approach enables customized growth onto delicate substrates with nanometer-scale placement precision and in situ imaging of the final tip structures using the HIM or SEM. Tip radii of <10 nm are obtained and the underlying microcantilever remains intact. Instead of the more commonly used organic precursors employed for bio-AFM applications, we use an organometallic precursor (tungsten hexacarbonyl) resulting in tungsten-containing tips. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a thin layer of carbon on the tips. The interaction of the new tips with biological specimens is therefore likely very similar to that of standard carbonaceous tips, with the added benefit of robustness. A further advantage of the organometallic tips is that compared to carbonaceous tips they better withstand UV−ozone cleaning treatments to remove residual organic contaminants between experiments, which are inevitable during the scanning of soft biomolecules in liquid. Our tips can also be grown onto the blunted tips of previously used cantilevers, thus providing a means to recycle specialized cantilevers and restore their performance to the original manufacturer specifications. Finally, a focused helium ion beam milling technique to reduce the tip radii and thus further improve lateral spatial resolution in the AFM scans is demonstrated.

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A Review of the Current State of Magnetic Force Microscopy to Unravel the Magnetic Properties of Nanomaterials Applied in Biological Systems and Future Directions for Quantum Technologies

Cited by 46 publications

References 374 publications

Magnetic Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation on 3D Printed Magnetic Scaffolds for Neuronal Cell Growth

Magnetic Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation on 3D Printed Magnetic Scaffolds for Neuronal Cell Growth

Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Matricaria chamomilla Aqueous Extract

Focused Helium Ion and Electron Beam-Induced Deposition of Organometallic Tips for Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy of Biomolecules in Liquid

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