A Review of the Design Issues and Techniques for Radial-Flux Brushless Surface and Internal Rare-Earth Permanent-Magnet Motors

Dorrell, David G.; Hsieh, Min‐Fu; Popescu, Mircea; Evans, Lyndon R; Staton, D.A.; Grout, Vic

doi:10.1109/tie.2010.2089940

Cited by 177 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The rated current density on the primary stator windings shown in Table II is considerably higher than the usual limit of electrical machine without active cooling for continuous operation (∼4 A/mm 2 ) [4]. However, both the machines are formed by several stages each one separately connected to the power supply and fed for a short time.…”

Section: Current Density Limit Of the Stator Windingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In order to achieve the high thrust requirement for aircraft launch applications these machines need to operate with a high current density. Most of the electrical machines used for continuous operation with similar rated current densities need an active cooling system for the conductive components [4]. High current densities can be exploited in EML systems for the very short duty cycle of the machines, although an active cooling system may be required to cope with the temperature rise after multiple launches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Design of Linear Induction and Synchronous Motors for Electromagnetic Launch of Civil Aircraft

Bertola

Cox

Wheeler

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. Abstract-The engine size of modern passenger transport aircraft is principally determined by take-off conditions, since initial acceleration requires maximum engine power. An electromagnetic launch (EML) system could provide some or all of the energy required at takeoff so that the aircraft engine power requirement and fuel consumption may be significantly reduced. So far, EML for aircraft has been adopted only for military applications to replace steam catapults on the deck of aircraft carriers. This paper will describe the potential application of EML to propel civil aircraft on the runways of modern airports. A comparison of synchronous and asynchronous electrical motor systems designed to launch an A320-200 sized aircraft is presented. The paper also describes a solution of the transient heat transfer problem applied to the conductive components of EML systems.

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Section: Current Density Limit Of the Stator Windingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Design of Linear Induction and Synchronous Motors for Electromagnetic Launch of Civil Aircraft

Bertola

Cox

Wheeler

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…Furthermore, the coils must be firmly mounted, have good thermal conduction for heat dissipation, and isolated to be protected from short circuiting with each other and the stator core (Dorrell et al 2011;Tong 2014). At the boundary to the core and between layers, foils are placed, called slot liners and separators.…”

Section: Stator Insulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while increasing coercivity, dysprosium lowers the remanence (Brown et al 2002;Vaimann et al 2013). Also, it is expensive due to limited supply (Dorrell et al 2011;Gutfleisch et al 2011). Hence, dysprosium additions are preferably minimized but necessarily sufficient to accomplish most of the desired benefits.…”

Section: Permanent Magnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scalable life cycle inventory of an electrical automotive traction machine—Part I: design and composition

Lundmark

Grunditz

Tillman

et al. 2017

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose A scalable life cycle inventory (LCI) model of a permanent magnet electrical machine, containing both design and production data, has been established. The purpose is to contribute with new and easy-to-use data for LCA of electric vehicles by providing a scalable mass estimation and manufacturing inventory for a typical electrical automotive traction machine. The aim of this article (part I of two publications) is to present the machine design, the model structure, and an evaluation of the models' mass estimations. Methods Data for design and production of electrical machines has been compiled from books, scientific papers, benchmarking literature, expert interviews, various specifications, factory records, and a factory site visit. For the design part, one small and one large reference machine were constructed in a software tool, which linked the machines' maximum ability to deliver torque to the mass of its electromagnetically active parts. Additional data for remaining parts was then gathered separately to make the design complete. The two datasets were combined into one model, which calculates the mass of all motor subparts from an input of maximum power and torque. The range of the model is 20-200 kW and 48-477 Nm. The validity of the model was evaluated through comparison with seven permanent magnet electrical traction machines from established brands. Results and discussion The LCI model was successfully implemented to calculate the mass content of 20 different materials in the motor. The models' mass estimations deviate up to 21% from the examples of real motors, which still falls within expectations for a good result, considering a noticeable variability in design, even for the same machine type and similar requirements. The model results form a rough and reasonable median in comparison to the pattern created by all data points. Also, the reference motors were assessed for performance, showing that the electromagnetic efficiency reaches 96-97%. Conclusions The LCI model relies on thorough design data collection and fundamental electromagnetic theory. The selected design has a high efficiency, and the motor is suitable for electric propulsion of vehicles. Furthermore, the LCI model generates representative mass estimations when compared with recently published data for electrical traction machines. Hence, for permanent magnet-type machines, the LCI model may be used as a generic component estimation for LCA of electric vehicles, when specific data is lacking.Keywords Electric . Electrical . Inventory . IPM . IPMSM . Life cycle assessment . Machine . Magnet . Mass . Material Preamble This series of two articles presents a new scalable life cycle inventory (LCI) data model of an electrical automotive traction machine, available to download from the CPM database of the Swedish Life Cycle Center. Part I describes how the LCI model was established and the type of results it provides, including the underlying permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) design and the structure of the LCI data m...

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“…Redundant windings clear-cut due to attain a sinusoidal open-circuit back-EMF (electromotive force) waveform have been accounted. According to the back-EMF and the rotor-position sensing, an AC control with sinusoidal phase current, 180° conduction for each inverter leg should be used by a PWM (pulse-width-modulation) inverter with a position encoder [4,5,9]. In this study, design of the machine geometry data and its FEA results are held by Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Field Analysis Through Embedded 3-d and 2-d Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Losses Calculation of an Aerospace Retraction Wheel Motor with Regarding to Electromagnetic-Field Analysis Investigation

Asef¹,

Perpiñá²

2016

JEPE

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A 3-D FEA (finite element analysis) transient and steady-state design proposal for high-speed with Nd-Fe-Br (reversible) magnets in aerospace application will be examined under design considerations of n = 12,000 rpm, short-duty, sinusoidal drive, low cogging, high efficiency at peak torque, and etc. for an ARWM (aerospace retraction wheel motor). In construction, the PMs (permanent magnets) fixed on the rotor core which is surface-mounted magnets retained by a carbon-fiber bandage. Redundant windings, resistant to fault propagation have accounted. Besides, an axial water-jacket housing without end-cap cooling has involved. All performed characteristic performances of the correlated ARWM will verify by comparison through 2-D and 3-D FEA results. In this paper, design process has dealing with determination of various kinds of losses such as electromagnetic and mechanical losses. In terms of both classified losses, copper, stator back iron, stator tooth, PM, rotor back iron, air-friction and sleeve losses were calculated. The 3-D end-winding effects were included in the modeled ARWM by the authors.

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A Review of the Design Issues and Techniques for Radial-Flux Brushless Surface and Internal Rare-Earth Permanent-Magnet Motors

Cited by 177 publications

References 46 publications

Thermal Design of Linear Induction and Synchronous Motors for Electromagnetic Launch of Civil Aircraft

Thermal Design of Linear Induction and Synchronous Motors for Electromagnetic Launch of Civil Aircraft

A scalable life cycle inventory of an electrical automotive traction machine—Part I: design and composition

Losses Calculation of an Aerospace Retraction Wheel Motor with Regarding to Electromagnetic-Field Analysis Investigation

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