A Review of the Different Methods Applied in Environmental Geochemistry For Single and Sequential Extraction of Trace Elements in Soils and Related Materials

Rao, C. R. M.; Sahuquillo, A.; López-Sánchez, José Fermı́n

doi:10.1007/s11270-007-9564-0

Cited by 443 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 262 publications

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“…ready to be absorbed by plant roots. But only small fractions are in accessible form (in soil solution, as free metal ions and soluble metal complexes) and are readily available for plant uptake (Rao et al 2008). The substantial increase in bioavailabilty of Zn and Cd in response to bacterial and fungal inoculation, as observed in the present study, underlines the role of rhizospheric microbes in the synthesis of siderophores and chelators to solubilize and sequester metals from soil (Gadd 2004;Braud et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Phytoextraction of soil cadmium and zinc by microbes-inoculated Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

Chauhan

Rai

2009

Journal of Plant Interactions

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A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum inoculation on the uptake of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) from the soil having three different concentrations of Zn (300, 600, 900 mg/kg) and Cd (5, 10, 15 mg/kg) separately. Microbial inoculation resulted in significantly better plant growth, available metal content and their uptake than control (without microbes). Available Zn was enhanced, ca.1.6-and 1.4-fold and Cd ca. 2.5-and 1.8-fold, by P. fluorescens and T. harzianum respectively. P. fluorescens resulted in an increase in Zn uptake by 113.9, 51.9 and 58.4% and T. harzianum by 42.6, 32.1 and 33.9% over control from soils having 300, 600 and 900 mg Zn, respectively, while of the corresponding results for Cd were 110.2, 48.9 and 58.1% with P. fluorescens and 42.6, 30.9 and 33.4% with T. harzianum from soil having 5, 10 and 15 mg Cd, respectively, after 90 days of treatment. In general the rate of metal uptake was higher during the initial 30 days and declined later.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Phytoextraction of soil cadmium and zinc by microbes-inoculated Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

Chauhan

Rai

2009

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Consequently, hundreds of operationally defined sequential extraction methods have Fig. 1 Location of the investigated site on the map of Europe been described that recognize the main soil components that bind metals in soils (Tessier et al 1979;Zeien and Bruemmer 1989;Tack and Verloo 1995;Gleyzes et al 2002;Pueyo et al 2003;Rao et al 2008;Hass and Fine 2010). To quantify the contributions of particular fractions, chemical solutions of varying strength and reactivity are applied to soils in order to release metals bound to different soil components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of sequentially extracted Cu, Pb, and Zn fractions in Podzol profiles under dwarf pine of different stages of degradation in subalpine zone of Karkonosze Mts (central Europe)

et al. 2017

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Purpose Here, we aimed to assess the contamination of Podzol soils in a subalpine zone of the Karkonosze Mountains. Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in the soil and the patterns of their speciation are discussed in relation to the possible influence of airborne industrial emissions and the stage of degradation of dwarf mountain pine stands. Materials and methods The study was conducted in the Karkonosze, a mountain range in the Sudetes, on the boundary between Poland and the Czech Republic. We examined Podzols derived from granites under dwarf mountain pine stands at two stages of degradation (without visible degradation vs. dead). These two sites were 100 m apart, at an altitude of 1400 m above sea level (upper mountain forest zone). Soil samples were collected from all distinguished soil horizons and their basic soil properties and heavy metal (Cu, Pb, and Zn) concentrations (and their speciation) determined by sequential extraction according to the method of Zeien and Brümmer. Results and discussion The Cu concentrations in these soils were relatively low, typical for soils derived from granite and did not differ considerably within soil profiles. The residual Cu fraction was a predominant one in all mineral horizons.The Pb concentrations in the surface organic horizons were clearly higher than those in similar horizons of European lowland forest soils. This distribution of Pb in the mineral horizons was apparently associated with soil colloid distribution that developed in the process of podzolization, indicating the minimum concentrations in eluvial E horizons and enhanced concentrations in illuvial Bh horizons. The organically bound fraction made up about 40% of total Pb in the Bh horizons. Zn concentrations were highest in the deepest parts of the soil, where the predominant fraction was residual, while relatively high amounts of easily mobilizable Zn were present in ectohumus.Conclusions Very high concentrations of Pb in ectohumus have most likely been caused by a long-distance transport of anthropogenic emissions. The concentrations of Pb or other metals found in soils cannot be considered to have been the principal causes of the ecological disaster observed in the Karkonosze Mountains. The highest concentrations of Pb in ectohumus, as well as its high contributions in the organically bound fraction, confirm a crucial role of organic matter in Pb accumulation in soils.

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“…[4][5][6] Para evaluar de forma selectiva diferentes fracciones metálicas, diversos métodos de lixiviación parcial ácida de los metales, también llamados métodos de una sola etapa o métodos simples, han sido empleados en lugar de los métodos de extracción total. [7][8][9][10][11] Varios de estos métodos constituyen normas internacionales (DIN 38414, EPA 3050 y 3051, ASTM D 3974 e ISO 11466, entre otros).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…17 Otros métodos frecuentemente empleados en la evaluación de la contaminación por metales en sedimentos son los métodos secuenciales, conocidos también como métodos de varias etapas. 6,18,19 La extracción química secuencial, aunque presenta imprecisiones, 20 constituye una aproximación geoquímica y ambiental para comprender el comportamiento químico y la disponibilidad de los metales en el sedimento. 6,21 Datos sobre la movilidad y biodisponibilidad potencial de los elementos obtenidos con estos procedimientos secuenciales resultan muy útiles en la estimación de riesgos ecológicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…6,18,19 La extracción química secuencial, aunque presenta imprecisiones, 20 constituye una aproximación geoquímica y ambiental para comprender el comportamiento químico y la disponibilidad de los metales en el sedimento. 6,21 Datos sobre la movilidad y biodisponibilidad potencial de los elementos obtenidos con estos procedimientos secuenciales resultan muy útiles en la estimación de riesgos ecológicos. 22,23 Por otra parte, la determinación cuantitativa del grado de contaminación de un sedimento puede realizarse mediante el empleo de los llamados índices de contaminación.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estudio de la contaminación por metales en sedimentos acuáticos de la Bahía de Matanzas

Quevedo¹,

Gómez²,

Ramírez³

et al. 2012

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 28/8/11; aceito em 1/12/11; publicado na web em 28/2/12 STUDY OF METAL CONTAMINATION IN AQUATIC SEDIMENTS OF THE BAY OF MATANZAS. Surface sediments of the Bay of Matanzas (Cuba) were studied to assess its environmental quality by using several criteria (metal content index, pollution load index and sediment quality guidelines). Two partial digestion sediment procedures and a modified BCR sequential extraction were used. The concentrations of metals were measured by atomic spectroscopy methods. The founded contents of Cu (2,4-27,9 mg kg -1 ), Zn (2,5-55,5 mg kg -1 ) and Ni (8,,2 mg kg -1 ) were below those reported by other authors. The results obtained suggested that the most polluted sites were 3, 5, and 6. The sequential extraction procedure showed that most of the studied metals were associated to the more stable fractions.Keywords: metal pollution; marine sediments; digestion and extraction methods. INTRODUCCIÓNCuba, debido a sus características geográficas particulares, posee amplias y diversas zonas costeras, cuya calidad ambiental, generalmente, se ve comprometida por los diferentes usos socio-económicos a que son destinadas. La Bahía de Matanzas es un ejemplo de ello. En investigaciones desarrolladas en esta zona se han evaluado alteraciones del contenido total en sedimentos de diversos metales pesados, tales como, Cu, Ni y Zn, entre otros, estableciéndose igualmente su posible origen. 1-3 Sin embargo, no se conoce la fracción disponible de metales para los organismos vivos en el ecosistema. Además, no se ha evaluado la presencia de V, elemento de particular interés debido a la actividad que se desarrolla en esta bahía relacionada con la industria del petróleo cubana.Es conocido que la contaminación por metales en sedimentos no puede ser evaluada sólo a partir de su contenido total, ya que la distribución de diversas formas químicas del metal en diferentes fases del sedimento, puede condicionar su mayor o menor movilidad, y por tanto la magnitud de su impacto sobre el ecosistema. 4-6 Para evaluar de forma selectiva diferentes fracciones metálicas, diversos métodos de lixiviación parcial ácida de los metales, también llamados métodos de una sola etapa o métodos simples, han sido empleados en lugar de los métodos de extracción total. 7-11 Varios de estos métodos constituyen normas internacionales (DIN 38414, EPA 3050 y 3051, ASTM D 3974 e ISO 11466, entre otros). En general, existe poca información sobre la relación entre las fases geoquímicas del sedimento disueltas y la eficiencia de extracción que se alcanza para cada elemento por un método específico. 12,13 La información que se obtiene sobre el contenido del metal varía en dependencia de la composición del sedimento, del elemento de interés y de la fortaleza del ataque que se realiza, 12,14-16 por lo que resulta conveniente determinar la eficiencia de extracción de los metales de interés en los sedimentos en estudio, junto al contenido total, para una mejor interpretación ambiental de los resultados. 17 Otros métodos frecuentemente emplead...

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A Review of the Different Methods Applied in Environmental Geochemistry For Single and Sequential Extraction of Trace Elements in Soils and Related Materials

Cited by 443 publications

References 262 publications

Phytoextraction of soil cadmium and zinc by microbes-inoculated Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

Phytoextraction of soil cadmium and zinc by microbes-inoculated Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

The distribution of sequentially extracted Cu, Pb, and Zn fractions in Podzol profiles under dwarf pine of different stages of degradation in subalpine zone of Karkonosze Mts (central Europe)

Estudio de la contaminación por metales en sedimentos acuáticos de la Bahía de Matanzas

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