A review of the effects of non-tariff measures in food and agricultural trade: Insights for Economic Community of West African States

Kodua, Theophilus Tweneboah

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4235437

SSRN Journal

2022

DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4235437

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A review of the effects of non-tariff measures in food and agricultural trade: Insights for Economic Community of West African States

Theophilus Tweneboah Kodua

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2024

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“…Vakulchuk and Knobel (2018), examining the European Union (EU) countries, similarly concluded that the agricultural sector is more vulnerable to the imposition of high non-tariff barriers. Recent studies by Kodua et al (2022) for West Africa, Nga et al (2023) for Vietnam, and He (2023) for China also concurred that agricultural products are most affected by the NTM.…”

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Palm oil trade restrictiveness index and its impact on world palm oil exports

Hamidi,

Khalid,

Karim

2024

Agric. Econ. - Czech

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Despite numerous attempts to remove tariff and non-tariff barriers, the average number of barriers in the agricultural sector, particularly in the palm oil sector, is rising. Non-tariff effects are subjective, which makes them challenging to quantify. A new palm oil trade restrictiveness index that considers each trade barrier imposed on palm oil exports, such as tariff and non-tariff measures, is necessary to facilitate the sector's exports. Hence, this study aims to calculate the trade restrictiveness index (TRI) of palm oil and analyse its impact on Malaysia's and Indonesia's palm oil exports. This study uses a gravity model with Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimation to analyse the impact of trade barriers on world palm oil export for a sample of 59 major palm oil importing countries from 2009 to 2019. The study revealed that each importing country imposes different restrictions on Malaysia and Indonesia. The TRI showed a negative and significant relationship influencing palm oil exports in the case of Malaysia, while a positive and significant relationship for Indonesia. The policy implications of this study suggest that policymakers in both Malaysia and Indonesia should take proactive steps to comply with every criterion demanded by the importing country.

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mentioning

confidence: 93%

Palm oil trade restrictiveness index and its impact on world palm oil exports

Hamidi,

Khalid,

Karim

2024

Agric. Econ. - Czech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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A review of the effects of non-tariff measures in food and agricultural trade: Insights for Economic Community of West African States

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Palm oil trade restrictiveness index and its impact on world palm oil exports

Palm oil trade restrictiveness index and its impact on world palm oil exports

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