A Review of the Effects of Nicotine on Schizophrenia and Antipsychotic Medications

Lyon, Edward R.

doi:10.1176/ps.50.10.1346

Cited by 142 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The "self-medication" model suggests that schizophrenic or schizotypal individuals smoke to reduce negative symptoms and enhance cognitive function (Dalack et al, 1998;Taiminen et al, 1998;Lyon, 1999). This model has also been applied to the relationship between smoking and executive function deficits (Dinn et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Wan

Friedman

Boutros

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Sensory gating refers to the preattentional filtering of irrelevant sensory stimuli. This process may be impaired in schizotypy, which is a trait also associated with cigarette smoking. This association may in part stem from the positive effects of smoking on sensory gating and attention. The relationship among sensory gating, smoking, schizotypy and attention was examined in 39 undergraduates. Sensory gating was indexed by the P50 suppression paradigm, and attention was measured by the Attention Network Test (ANT) and a Stroop task. Results showed sensory gating to be positively correlated with performances on ANT and Stroop reflected in better alerting, less conflict between stimuli, faster reaction time, and greater accuracy. Smokers showed a pattern of a greater number of significant correlations between sensory gating and attention in comparison to non-smokers, although the relationship between sensory gating and attention was not affected by schizotypy. The majority of significant correlations were found in the region surrounding Cz. These findings are discussed relative to the potential modifying influence of smoking and schizotypy on sensory gating and attention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Wan

Friedman

Boutros

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…35,53,54 Nicotine does not have anti-psychotic properties, and antipsychotics do not aid in smoking cessation. 34,55 The self-medication hypothesis has a stronger evidence base in major depression (table 1). 56 Similarly, the other hypotheses also require stronger longitudinal and biological evidence to assess their validity.…”

Section: Smoking In Serious Mental Illness: Cause or Effect?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenge of reducing smoking in people with serious mental illness

Sharma

Gartner

Hall

2016

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

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“…Some studies show an improvement within the range of negative symptoms by increasing the dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex [39][40][41][42]. These results, however, are subject to a number of constraints -sample size and methodological limitations.…”

Section: Self-medication Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results, however, are subject to a number of constraints -sample size and methodological limitations. It is also worth remembering that research on animal models indicated that while occasional acute administration of nicotine did increase the dopamine release in the brain, chronic administration of nicotine resulted in a decrease in dopamine level, but these effects varied in different areas of the brain [41][42][43].…”

Section: Self-medication Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%