International trade and investment agreements are one of the primary instruments of global financial liberalisation. They are enacted to enhance the flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) between signatories by reducing regulatory barriers to investment; promoting stable host investment environments; and guaranteeing investors against non-commercial risk. As a net capital importer, Australia has sought to attract FDI through participation in such accords since the early 1980s. This paper examines the determinants of Australia's inward FDI flows-focussing specifically on the effects of trade and investment agreements. Using panel data, we find that both bilateral trade and bilateral and multilateral investment agreements attract FDI flows into Australia, thereby indicating that the policy of enticing FDI through participation in these accords is quite possibly effective.
I . I n t r o d u c t i o n a n d S o m e S t y l i s e d F a c t sGlobal foreign direct investment (FDI) flows have increased over the past two and a half decades at a rate faster than both international trade and gross domestic product (GDP). 1 This growth has been accompanied by increased participation in international trade and investment agreements by national governments seeking to attract and retain the benefits of FDI. FDI is an important source of capital for host economies because, in addition to boosting national income, it can bring benefits in the form of international competitiveness, technological advancements, best practice management skills, and export growth.Previous research into the effect of international accords on FDI has largely concentrated on free trade agreements, overlooking the potential impact of investment agreements. 2 Indeed, according to Urata and Sasuya (2007), more research is required into the effects of international investment treaties on FDI. The few studies that have investigated this relationship have confined their analysis to developing countries, despite the majority of world FDI flows occurring between developed countries. 3 This paper assesses the effect of both investment and free trade agreements on a developed country's inflows of FDI.