A Review of the Family Portulacaceae

Carolin, R. C.

doi:10.1071/bt9870383

Cited by 80 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In our analyses, different partitions and analytical methods also gave different branching patterns within the ACPT clade. Parsimony analyses of the IR partition recovered a branching pattern (with support less than 50%) similar to the morphological cladistic analysis of Carolin (1987). Parsimony and GARLI analyses of the plastid gene partition found Talinum sister to Portulaca plus Cactaceae, as proposed by the morphological cladistic analyses of Hershkovitz (1993) and the Bayesian molecular analysis of Nyffeler (2007).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Phylogeny of the Caryophyllales Sensu Lato: Revisiting Hypotheses on Pollination Biology and Perianth Differentiation in the Core Caryophyllales

Brockington¹,

Alexandre

Ramdial

et al. 2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

128

120

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Molecular phylogenetics has revolutionized our understanding of the Caryophyllales, and yet many relationships have remained uncertain, particularly at deeper levels. We have performed parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses on separate and combined data sets comprising nine plastid genes (;12,000 bp), two nuclear genes (;5000 bp), and the plastid inverted repeat (;24,000 bp), giving a combined analyzed length of 42,006 bp for 36 species of Caryophyllales and four outgroups. We have recovered strong support for deep-level relationships across the order. Two major subclades are well supported, the noncore and core Caryophyllales; Rhabdodendron followed by Simmondsia are sisters to the core Caryophyllales, Limeum and Stegnosperma are successive sisters to the ''globular inclusion'' clade, Gisekia is a distinct lineage well separated from Rivina within the ''raphide'' clade, and Rivina and Phytolaccaceae are disparate lineages, with Rivina sister to Nyctaginaceae. The placement of Sarcobatus and relationships within the portulacaceous cohort remain problematic. Within the latter, Halophytum is sister to Basellaceae and Didiereaceae, and the clade comprising Portulaca, Talinum, and Cactaceae is well supported. Classical hypotheses argued that the early Caryophyllales had evolved in open, dry, marginal environments at a time when pollinators were scarce, and, as such, the ancestral caryophyllid flower was wind pollinated with an undifferentiated perianth. We reevaluated these hypotheses in light of our phylogeny and find little support for anemophily as the ancestral condition; however, the early caryophyllid flower is suggested to have possessed an undifferentiated perianth. A subsequent minimum of nine origins of differentiated perianth is inferred. We discuss the evidence for independent origins of differentiated perianth and highlight the research opportunities that this pattern offers to the field of evolutionary developmental genetics.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The monophyly of the cohort was implied by early molecular analyses (Rettig et al 1992;Downie et al 1997); however, relationships within the group are unclear and complicated by the gross paraphyly of Portulacaceae (suggested by Carolin [1987] and Hershkovitz [1993]). The addition of molecular data has resulted in some clarification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of the Caryophyllales Sensu Lato: Revisiting Hypotheses on Pollination Biology and Perianth Differentiation in the Core Caryophyllales

Brockington¹,

Alexandre

Ramdial

et al. 2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

128

120

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“…2A and B), the spines or tubercles were hollow. Embryo encircling the perisperm has been considered as the primitive state within Portulacaceae (Carolin, 1987). Seeds of Portulaca were categorized as endospermic, although a study of embryology in P. oleracea has shown that little endosperm, if any, remained in the fully mature seeds.…”

Section: Seed Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical and Morphological Features of Seeds in Portulaca

Kim¹

2012

Applied Microscopy

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“…As folhas involucrais, apresentam as mesmas características morfológicas das folhas caulinares, porém variam em número de uma espécie para a outra, sendo geralmente entre 4-10 por infl orescência. Carolin (1987) denomina estas folhas como brácteas das cimeiras.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

O gênero Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae) no Brasil

Coelho

Giulietti

2010

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(O gênero Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae) no Brasil). O gênero Portulaca tem distribuição principalmente pantropical, com algumas espécies ocorrendo em áreas subtropicais das Américas e África e poucas espécies na Austrália, Ásia e Europa. Portulaca inclui plantas herbáceas, com folhas geralmente alternas, portando na axila tricomas muito ou pouco desenvolvidos e fl ores com duas sépalas, 4-5 pétalas livres, estames numerosos e ovário ínfero. No Brasil foram reconhecidas 13 espécies, com distribuição da Amazônia até o Sul do país, mas as maiores populações estão concentradas na região semi-árida. Para cada espécie é apresentada descrição morfológica, comentários e ilustrações. Palavras-chave: Levantamento fl orístico, descrições, ilustrações, espécies brasileiras ABSTRACT -(The genus Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae) in Brazil). The genus Portulaca has a mainly pantropical distribution, while some African and New World species are subtropical and a few occur in Australia, Europe and Asia. Portulaca is composed of herbs usually with alternate leaves, bearing long, usually conspicuous, axillary trichomes, and with fl owers composed of 2 sepals and 4-5 petals free at the base, numerous stamens and an inferior ovary. In Brazil 13 species are recognized and each taxa is characterized morphologically, with taxonomic notes and illustrations.

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A Review of the Family Portulacaceae

Cited by 80 publications

References 23 publications

Phylogeny of the Caryophyllales Sensu Lato: Revisiting Hypotheses on Pollination Biology and Perianth Differentiation in the Core Caryophyllales

Phylogeny of the Caryophyllales Sensu Lato: Revisiting Hypotheses on Pollination Biology and Perianth Differentiation in the Core Caryophyllales

Anatomical and Morphological Features of Seeds in Portulaca

O gênero Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae) no Brasil

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