A Review of the Glaciation Maximum Concept and the Deglaciation of Eyjafjördur, North Iceland

Norðdahl, Hreggviður

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3150-6_3

Cited by 34 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the Flateyjarskagi Peninsula moraines have been found indicating a late recovery of the glaciers dated to around 10 ka BP. This finding has served to attribute this same date to similar moraines in the Eyjafjödur tributary valleys (Norðdahl, 1991b).…”

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…When the glacial terminus retreated from the Dalsmynni mouth, the ice-dammed lake was definitively drained. Einarsson (1967Einarsson ( , 1973 using palynological data and comparative stratigraphy, deduces that this occurred at approximately 12 ka, with the position of the glacier snout at the present head of the fiord at 11 ka, dates later confirmed (Norðdahl, 1991b). Skógar tephra is found at the base of the lacustrine sedimentary series of Fnjóskadalur, with a calculated age of 17 ka, which would indicate the onset of the glacial obturation of the valley (Norðdahl, 1991b).…”

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The existing information on the deglaciation of Eyjafjödur is summarised by Norðdahl (1991b), demonstrating that up to a total of 12 submarine frontal morainic ridges have been identified, from the mouth of the fiord to its head, although at the present day none can be observed on the surface (Fig. 1).…”

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…During deglaciation, the tongue which flowed through the fiord blocked the drainage of the right lateral valley of Dalmynni-Fnjóskadalur and specifically in the Fnjóskadalur valley formed up to 8 lacustrine layers. Norðdahl (1991b) relates these ice-dammed lake levels with advances of the glacial tongue which formed 7 frontal moraine arcs to the north of the mouth of the Dalsmynni Valley. When the glacial terminus retreated from the Dalsmynni mouth, the ice-dammed lake was definitively drained.…”

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ingólfsson (1991) and Norðdahl (1991b) summarised the studies carried out on the possible glaciation of the Tröllaskagi summits, and show how most geomorphologists and palaeobotanists in the early 20th century defended an ice-free scenario for these summits during the LGM. Einarsson (1963Einarsson ( , 1967Einarsson ( , 1973, collecting all the previous information on pollen analyses, Steindórsson (1963), on vegetation biodiversity, and Sigbjarnasson (1983) on geomorphological evidences, maintained that almost all the Tröllaskagi summits were deglaciated in the LGM.…”

Section: Glacial Evolution Of Tröllaskagi Flat Summitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The origin of glacial alpine landscape in Tröllaskagi Peninsula (North Iceland)

Andrés

Tanarro

Fernández

et al. 2016

CIG

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Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Deglaciation Of the Tröllaskagi Main Valleys And Fiordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glacial Evolution Of Tröllaskagi Flat Summitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The origin of glacial alpine landscape in Tröllaskagi Peninsula (North Iceland)

Andrés

Tanarro

Fernández

et al. 2016

CIG

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Geothermal control on flow patterns in the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet of Iceland

Bourgeois

Dauteuil

Vliët-Lanoé

2000

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Because it is located both on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and on a mantle plume, Iceland is a region of intense tectonics and volcanism. During the last glaciation, the island was covered by an ice sheet approximately 1000 m thick. A reconstruction of the ice flow lines, based on glacial directional features, shows that the ice sheet was partly drained through fast-flowing streams. Fast flow of the ice streams has been recorded in megascale lineations and flutes visible on the currently deglaciated bedrock, and is confirmed by simple mass balance considerations. Locations of the major drainage routes correlate with locations of geothermal anomalies, suggesting that ice stream activity was favoured by lubrication of the bed by meltwater produced in regions of high geothermal heat flux. Similar control of ice flow by geothermal activity is expected in ice sheets currently covering tectonically and volcanically active area such as the West Antarctic ice sheet.

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The Preboreal oscillation around the Nordic Seas: terrestrial and lacustrine responses

Björck¹,

et al. 1997

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The occurrence of an early Preboreal climatic cooling/oscillation (PBO) in lacustrine and glacial records from northwest Europe, Iceland and Greenland is reviewed and documented. The often subtle response of the proxy records to this oscillation, in combination with its short duration, make it difficult to detect. Owing to its chronostratigraphic position between the 10000–9900 and 9600–9500 14C plateaux (c. 11300–11150 calendar yr BP) it is also difficult to 14C date with precision. We find that the vegetation response to the PBO varies between sites and regions. In contrast to the pioneer vegetation in Iceland and southern Sweden, the expanding birch–pine forest in Germany–Denmark was more susceptible to deteriorating growing conditions. The combined lacustrine, tree‐ring and glacial records imply that the PBO was characterised by cool and humid conditions throughout northwestern and central Europe. This is documented by vegetation changes, decreased aquatic production, increased soil erosion, increased 2H and 13C content in tree‐rings, readvances or stillstands of the ice sheet in Norway and Finland, and ingression of brackish water into the Baltic. Icelandic proxy records from lake sediments and glacial moraines imply cooler conditions than during the previous Preboreal period, but not as extreme as during the Younger Dryas. Greenland records suggest that the early Preboreal was characterised by ice readvances, as an effect of cool climate and increased precipitation (in relation to the Younger Dryas). It was not until the end of the PBO that climate was warm enough to melt the land‐based ice sheet. This Preboreal oscillation, found on both sides of the Nordic Seas, is interpreted as an effect of increased freshwater forcing on the thermohaline circulation in the Nordic Seas, which is implied by a simultaneous and distinct rise in the atmospheric 14C/12C ratio. A slow‐down of the thermohaline circulation may temporarily have pushed the Polar Front further south. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A Review of the Glaciation Maximum Concept and the Deglaciation of Eyjafjördur, North Iceland

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

The origin of glacial alpine landscape in Tröllaskagi Peninsula (North Iceland)

The origin of glacial alpine landscape in Tröllaskagi Peninsula (North Iceland)

Geothermal control on flow patterns in the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet of Iceland

The Preboreal oscillation around the Nordic Seas: terrestrial and lacustrine responses

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