A Review of the Graphene Synthesis Routes and its Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage

From atoms to aerosols: probing clusters and nanoparticles with synchrotron based mass spectrometry and X-ray spectroscopy

“…PAH growth processes are also very important in combustion chemistry 14,20,22,48 as they are precursors for soot formation. 49 With the advent of nanomaterials based on graphene, 50 fullerenes, 51 and carbon nanotubes, 52 there is also increased interest in the formation of these materials from their gas phase precursors. To elucidate ion-molecule growth dynamics in hydrocarbons, we chose mixed acetylene-ethylene clusters 53 and pure acetylene clusters.…”

Research on Energy Storage Optimization for Large-Scale PV Power Stations under Given Long-Distance Delivery Mode

“…Intense price competition leads manufacturers to develop new chemistries and reduce production costs. From Blooming New Energy Finance (BNEF), annual lithium-ion battery observed prices and forecast prices are shown in Figure 3 [24]. Therefore, with the decrease in the cost of batteries, energy storage will also become an effective measure to realize grid connection of large-scale PV power stations [25].…”

Recent advances in graphene-based materials for dye-sensitized solar cell fabrication

“…Several synthesis techniques, including bottom-up approaches, such as chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and epitaxial growth, which involve the high-temperature synthesis of graphene using carbon molecules as building blocks, and top-down approaches, such as oxidation-reduction and mechanical exfoliation, which involve the separation of stacked layers of graphite, [24][25][26] have been employed to prepare graphene sheets. Among these, bottom-up approaches have drawbacks of low yield, difficulty to scale-up, complex substrate transfer and high cost.…”

“…Hence, top-down approaches are gaining considerable research attention due to their simple fabrication procedures, easy scalability, good reproducibility, and low cost. [24][25][26] Nonetheless, the chemical inertness of pristine graphene, 27 renders it insoluble in organic solvents; hence, pure graphene is incompatible with solution synthesis. As a result, the derivatives of graphene, such as graphene oxide (GO), which is an oxygen functionalized graphene sheet, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have been widely explored owing to their high solubility in organic solvents, which makes them compatible with the lowcost, facile, and large-scale solution synthesis.…”