A review of the literature on the use of ultrasonography in schistosomiasis with special reference to its use in field studies

Hatz, Christoph; Jenkins, Julian; Mohamed, Sofia B.; Abdelwahab, Magy; Cerri, Guido; Tanner, Marcel

doi:10.1016/0001-706x(92)90016-q

Cited by 60 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The value of ultrasound for the diagnosis and staging of periportal fibrosis in patients with schistosomiasis is now well established (Cerri et al 1984;Homeida et al 1988;AbdelWahab et al 1989;Hatz et al 1992). However, only a few studies have been undertaken in order to relate sonographic findings to clinical complications of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, such as variceal haemorrhage (Davidson et al 1991;Abdel-Wahab et al 1993;Domingues et al 1993).…”

Section: Clinical Examination Endoscopy and Sonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic prediction of variceal bleeding in patients with liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma mansoni

Richter

Dacal²,

Siqueira

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummarySeveral studies have shown that the characteristic hepatic abnormalities induced by Schistosoma mansoni detectable by ultrasound correlate with the degree of oesophageal varices. So far the value of ultrasound for predicting variceal haemorrhage has not been assessed. Fifty Brazilian patients with schistosomal periportal fibrosis from Alagoas State, 18 of whom had already bled from oesophageal varices, were enrolled in a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study and investigated clinically, by endoscopy and by ultrasound. Twenty-seven of the patients were monitored until another bleeding episode, death or for a minimum of 28 months. Eight of these patients could be followed up for a further three years. A sonographic score, which accounts for the degree of echogenic periportal thickening and of portal vein dilatation, was calculated for all patients. A highly significant correlation (P Ͻ 0.0001) existed between the sonographic score and the occurrence of previous variceal haemorrhage, paralleled by a similar correlation between the sonographic score and the degree of oesophageal varices (P Ͻ 0.001). In the 27 patients monitored longitudinally, the sonographic score indicated the risk of future variceal bleeding (P Ͻ 0.0001). The sonographic score reliably predicts the risk of variceal bleeding in individual patients with periportal fibrosis. Hence, the application of endoscopy, if available at all in endemic areas, may be restricted to the patients at risk of future variceal bleeding, as determined by ultrasound. Since portable devices can be carried even to remote areas, the application of the proposed score in community surveys could provide a new means for the identification of high-risk patients in S. mansoni-infected populations.keywords S. mansoni, hepatic abnormalities, oesophageal varices, ultrasound correspondence Joachim Richter,

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Section: Clinical Examination Endoscopy and Sonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic prediction of variceal bleeding in patients with liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma mansoni

Richter

Dacal²,

Siqueira

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Abdominal ultrasound has shown to be an alternative method for diagnosis, when the liver biopsy is contraindicated or impracticable (El-Rooby 1985). This method is relatively inexpensive, rapid, portable, causes no biological hazards to the patients and its sensitivity and specificity in the recognition of periportal fibrosis, is comparable with the one reported for hepatic biopsy (Abdel-Wahab et al 1989, Cerri et al 1984, Homeida et al 1988, percutaneous transhepatic portography, angiography (Hatz et al 1992a), and clinical examination . It reflects the dynamic changes produced by portal hypertension, since it measures the portal vein diameter and the presence of systemic collateral blood vessels that are correlated with esophageal varices (Abdel-Latif et al 1981, Davidson et al 1991, Abdel-Wahab et al 1993, Richter et al 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Schistosomiasis mansoni in low transmission areas: abdominal ultrasound

Ruiz

Candia

Garassini

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Periportal fibrosis and portal hypertension are the primary indicators for the disease. Thus ultrasonography has been used to assess S. japonicum foci (Hatz et al, 1992), but only very few data are available for S. mekongi-endemic areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver morbidity due to Schistosoma mekongi in Cambodia after seven rounds of mass drug administration

Keang¹,

Odermatt

Odermatt-Biays³

et al. 2007

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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Summary Severe liver disease due to Schistosoma mekongi was frequent in northern Cambodia. Between 1995 and, seven rounds of mass chemotherapy (praziquantel) reduced infection from 50% to below 3%. In 2002, we assessed hepatosplenic morbidity by historical, clinical and ultrasonographic investigations in adults (older than 14 years) from endemic (n = 342) and non-endemic (n = 103) areas (Kratie province). Clinical hepatomegaly (25 vs. 0%), splenomegaly (55 vs. 0%), reported blood in stool (41 vs. 20%) and abdominal pain (78 vs. 57%) were significantly higher in the endemic area. In this area, significantly more subjects reported a family history of death due to schistosomiasis (12 vs. 0%); 63% (vs. 0%) reported having at least three treatments of praziquantel in previous years; and only 11% (vs. 99%) had normal liver ultrasonographic examination. Periportal fibrosis with portal hypertension was diagnosed in 46% (vs. 0%) of people in this area; 18% (vs. 0%) and 5% (vs. 0%) of portal hypertension was classified as moderate and severe, respectively. People aged between 24 and 35 years were mostly affected. There was no gender difference. The pathology in the endemic district is most probably residual morbidity of S. mekongi infections. Contributions of co-infections (hepatitis) cannot be excluded. Careful monitoring of the affected communities is required.

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A review of the literature on the use of ultrasonography in schistosomiasis with special reference to its use in field studies

Cited by 60 publications

References 55 publications

Sonographic prediction of variceal bleeding in patients with liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma mansoni

Sonographic prediction of variceal bleeding in patients with liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosomiasis mansoni in low transmission areas: abdominal ultrasound

Liver morbidity due to Schistosoma mekongi in Cambodia after seven rounds of mass drug administration

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