A review of the literature to inform the development of a practice framework for supporting children with cerebral visual impairment (CVI)

McDowell, Nicola

doi:10.1080/13603116.2020.1867381

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…These authors indicated that visuoperceptual profiling can serve as a basis for individualized interventions in heterogeneous disorders. These findings were supported by McDowell [185] who also noted that currently, many children with CVI are being supported using approaches and strategies that have been developed for children with ocular visual impairments despite current evidence indicating that many of these interventions may not be efficacious for children with CVI and may be detrimental for them, in some instances.…”

Section: Possible Interventions In Childhood CVImentioning

confidence: 79%

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Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

2021

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The paper discusses and provides support for diverse processes of brain plasticity in visual function after damage in infancy and childhood in comparison with injury that occurs in the adult brain. We provide support and description of neuroplastic mechanisms in childhood that do not seemingly exist in the same way in the adult brain. Examples include the ability to foster the development of thalamocortical connectivities that can circumvent the lesion and reach their cortical destination in the occipital cortex as the developing brain is more efficient in building new connections. Supporting this claim is the fact that in those with central visual field defects we can note that the extrastriatal visual connectivities are greater when a lesion occurs earlier in life as opposed to in the neurologically mature adult. The result is a significantly more optimized system of visual and spatial exploration within the ‘blind’ field of view. The discussion is provided within the context of “blindsight” and the “Sprague Effect”.

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Section: Possible Interventions In Childhood CVImentioning

confidence: 79%

“…McDowell [185] and Chang and Borchert [1] have indicated that CVI is the most common cause of visual impairment affecting children in both the developing and developed world. The clinical literature offers little by way of intervention strategies for infants and young children who have sustained CVI.…”

Section: Possible Interventions In Childhood CVImentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

2021

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“…Therefore, it is becoming acknowledged that a 'one-sizefits-all' approach to CVI is not appropriate, with an increasing call for an adaptive approach using evidence-based knowledge tailored to give individualised care to the child with CVI. [3][4][5][6] Homonymous hemianopia (HH) is one specific type of CVI seen in children. HH is the loss or absence of one half of the visual field affecting the same side in both eyes.…”

Section: Background and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Homonymous hemianopia in childhood: a systematic scoping review protocol

et al. 2022

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IntroductionCerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the leading cause of visual impairment in childhood in western countries. This encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders and a spectrum of types of visual impairments. Research is required to explore specific subtypes of CVI and the specific needs of these groups to provide more individualised patient care. One type of CVI is homonymous hemianopia (HH), the absence of vision on one side due to an insult to the postchiasmal visual pathways in one hemisphere of the brain. The scoping review aims to map the nature, features and volume of the existing literature around HH in infancy, childhood and young adolescence.Methods and analysisWe will perform a scoping review of the literature relating to HH in children (0–18 years old). The review will follow the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews checklist to ensure reporting integrity. We will conduct electronic database searches including CENTRAL, CINAHL, MEDLINE (PubMed) and PsycINFO. We will also carry out a ‘grey literature’ and internet search for studies or materials not formally published. Two researchers will independently review abstracts yielded from the search strategy for study inclusion.DisseminationThis review will inform health professionals and other stakeholders working within this growing population of children with CVI. Our review will summarise the literature relating to this specific subgroup of CVI, and will identify gaps that require further research and development towards specific care of children with this form of CVI.

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“…There is a field of study looking at perceptual learning and active training of low-level visual skills (e.g., visual acuity (VA) and stereoacuity) for less severe forms of amblyopia (Rodán et al, 2022 ), and a few studies addressing (re)habilitation of higher-level visual processing after bilateral deprivation amblyopia (Jeon et al, 2012 ; Hamm et al, 2018 ). There is also work on adult recovery after sight restoring visual prosthetics (Beyeler et al, 2017 ) and low vision (re)habilitation services for children with neurodevelopmental visual processing challenges (Jayaraman et al, 2021 ; McDowell, 2021 ), such as cerebral visual impairment “CVI,” and autism. Translating this work to a new clinical population requires dedicated research about visual deprivation, both in terms of measurement of higher-level visual abilities and (re)habilitation strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to see after early and extended blindness: A scoping review

May

Arach²,

Kishiki³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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PurposeIf an individual has been blind since birth due to a treatable eye condition, ocular treatment is urgent. Even a brief period of visual deprivation can alter the development of the visual system. The goal of our structured scoping review was to understand how we might better support children with delayed access to ocular treatment for blinding conditions.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, Embase and Global Health for peer-reviewed publications that described the impact of early (within the first year) and extended (lasting at least 2 years) bilateral visual deprivation.ResultsOf 551 reports independently screened by two authors, 42 studies met our inclusion criteria. Synthesizing extracted data revealed several trends. The data suggests persistent deficits in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, global motion, and visual-motor integration, and suspected concerns for understanding complex objects and faces. There is evidence for resilience in color perception, understanding of simple shapes, discriminating between a face and non-face, and the perception of biological motion. There is currently insufficient data about specific (re)habilitation strategies to update low vision services, but there are several insights to guide future research in this domain.ConclusionThis summary will help guide the research and services provision to help children learn to see after early and extended blindness.

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A review of the literature to inform the development of a practice framework for supporting children with cerebral visual impairment (CVI)

Cited by 16 publications

References 57 publications

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

Homonymous hemianopia in childhood: a systematic scoping review protocol

Learning to see after early and extended blindness: A scoping review

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