A Review of the most popular Language learning strategies’ evaluation instruments

Raftari, Shohreh

doi:10.9790/0837-0440105

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…plurilingualism, was coined to emphasize the focus of the study (Calafato & Simmonds, 2023;Cenoz, 2013;Jeoffrion, Marcouyeux, Starkey-Perret, et al, 2014). Most studies focusing on individual multilingualism addressed the characteristics of multilingual individuals, such as motivation (Calafato, 2021;Macatuno-Nocom, 2022;Thompson & Erdil-Moody, 2016), learning strategies (Alshaghel & Pappuswany, 2021;Brosh, 2018;Chattaraj, 2017;Dolgunsöz, 2013;Macatuno-Nocom, 2022;Qomariyah et al, 2022;Raftari & Vosoughi, 2013), learners' performance and the factors affecting the performance (Bin-Tahir et al, 2018;Bensalem, 2018;Brosh, 2018;Shishova, 2020), the cognitive and neural characteristics of multilingual individuals (Bright, Ouzia & Filippi, 2015;Hayakawa & Marian, 2019;Wattendorf, Festman, Westermann et al, 2014), as well as the impacts and benefits of multilingualism (Botes et al, 2020;Calafato, 2021;Calafato & Simmonds, 2023;Dolgunsöz, 2013;Lewis, 2023;O'Brien, Curtin & Naqvi, 2014;Pitkänen-Huhta, 2019).…”

Section: Multilingualismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polyglot’s Strategies in Learning Foreign Languages: a Case Study

Martiningsih,

Mukarto

2024

LLT Journal

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Polyglots typically have specific learning strategies to learn new languages. This study aims to tap into the learning strategies employed by a female Indonesian who speaks six languages, namely Javanese, Minang, Malay, Indonesian, English, and Russian, and is currently learning three additional languages, namely French, Spanish, and Arabic. This case study used an interview to gain a deeper understanding of the learning strategies. The interview revealed that the participant used direct and indirect strategies in a balanced proportion. Further discussion also revealed that she used cognitive strategy and social strategy most frequently, i.e. in the form of practice and social interaction, respectively. The case study is expected to serve as a reference for language learners seeking to learn new languages.

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Section: Multilingualismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polyglot’s Strategies in Learning Foreign Languages: a Case Study

Martiningsih,

Mukarto

2024

LLT Journal

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“…To assess the types of learning strategies used by language learners, a few researchers developed questionnaires or strategy inventories. In 1981, Bialystok was the earliest to develop a questionnaire for LLS which aim to study the extend to the language learners' are engaged in a variety of activities in the use of the four strategies (Oxford and Burry-Stock; Raftari and Alawi, 2012).…”

Section: Literature Review Language Learning Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important and popular instrument in LLS is the Learning Strategy Inventory designed by Chamot et al in 1986 (Raftari andAlawi, 2012). The questionnaire developed by Chamot and his colleagues in 1987 comprising of five sections which are listening in class, speaking in class, listening and speaking outside class, writing and reading.…”

Section: Literature Review Language Learning Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The questionnaire developed by Chamot and his colleagues in 1987 comprising of five sections which are listening in class, speaking in class, listening and speaking outside class, writing and reading. However, Raftari and Alawi (2012) point out that the weakness of this instrument is Chamot and his colleagues failed to publish related information on the reliability and validity of the instrument.…”

Section: Literature Review Language Learning Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This instrument had been undergoing better improvements from year to year. SILL was originally used as an instrument at the Defence Language Institute in Monterey, California to evaluate the frequency of language learning strategy used by the students (Raftari and Alawi, 2012).…”

Section: Literature Review Language Learning Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Speaking Skills among Malaysian Iban Students Through The Use of Language Learning Strategies

Kana,

Hashim

2023

IJARBSS

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Malaysian school students are struggling in mastering English as a second language (ESL). Among those who are struggling in this area are the Iban students, especially those from the suburban and rural areas. The biggest challenge they face is the demand to be proficient in speaking English as the language is widely used in both government and private sectors in the country. Contributing factors such as lack of self-confidence and unfamiliarity with English language have made it more challenging for these students to speak the language fluently. The 2030 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) provided by the United Nations for Malaysia emphasize on quality education by offering equal learning opportunities of all levels of education and vocational training for every citizen which include disable citizens, indigenous people and children in vulnerable situations. The Ibans are recognized by the government of Malaysia as one of the Indigenous people in Sarawak. The SDG2030 agenda will prepare the future Iban generation with relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship. Proficiency in speaking English is one of the main criteria required to apply for these jobs. Therefore, it is important to identify language learning strategies (LLS) used by these students in order to better understand their approach in improving their speaking skills. The research aim to 1) investigate the most frequently used LLS to enhance speaking skills among ESL Form 3 Iban students and 2) analyse if there is any difference between the LLS used by male and female ESL Form 3 Iban students to enhance English speaking skills. 46 ESL lower form Iban students from a secondary school in a suburban area participated in the survey. Language Learning Strategy Use Inventory (LLSI) was used as the instrument for data collection. Findings from this study suggested that social strategies are the most frequently used LLS by ESL Form 3 Iban students among the six strategies to enhance their speaking skills. There is no significance difference in the use of LLS between male and female students despite male students use more LLS than female students where the difference is very small. The study suggests that students should be exposed to these LLS and are encouraged to use them to enhance their speaking skills.

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A Study of Use of Reading Strategies by Adult Learners of English in Pakistan

Khatoon,

Muhammad,

Shah

2022

J. educ. soc. stud.

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Strategic reading has been recognized as an important and critical skill that ensures better reading comprehension abilities. It is evident from Second Language (L2) reading research that less skilled readers are unaware of the use and importance of reading strategies. English is the official language of Pakistan and is used in almost every field of life. Despite this wide use of English, English language teaching and learning in Pakistan is unsatisfactory. This study explored the use of reading strategies by undergraduate and graduate-level learners of English in Pakistan. A Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) was used to collect data. Fifty undergraduate-level and fifty graduate-level learners participated in the study. Results of the current study showed that almost all the learners frequently used almost all the reading strategies. No statistically significant difference in the use of reading strategies was found between undergraduate and graduate-level learners. Support reading strategies were preferred more by undergraduate-level learners, and graduate-level learners preferred global reading strategies. No statistically significant difference was found between the male and female learners of English in terms of the use of reading strategies.

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A Review of the most popular Language learning strategies’ evaluation instruments

Abstract: There are some different ways to evaluate language learning strategy [LLS] use. The present article is a review of three most widely used data collection instruments in the field of language learning strategies i.e. self-report inventories, interviews and think aloud protocol.

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

A Polyglot’s Strategies in Learning Foreign Languages: a Case Study

A Polyglot’s Strategies in Learning Foreign Languages: a Case Study

Enhancing Speaking Skills among Malaysian Iban Students Through The Use of Language Learning Strategies

A Study of Use of Reading Strategies by Adult Learners of English in Pakistan

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